Authentication for wireless transfers

ABSTRACT

A technology is discussed for a wireless transfer station that is operable to authenticating a wireless transfer. A wireless transfer station identification (ID) message can be received from another wireless transfer station. The wireless transfer station ID message can be authenticated to determine a permission level of the other wireless transfer station. Wireless energy or data can be provided to the other wireless transfer station based on the permission level of the other wireless transfer station using a wireless transfer coil of the wireless transfer station.

This application claims the benefit of and hereby incorporates byreference U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/010,921, filedJun. 11, 2014, with an attorney docket number 3712-049.PROV.

BACKGROUND

Portable electronic devices or electronic devices not near a wiredenergy source typically receive energy from a portable energy source,such as a battery. The portable energy source can enable a user tooperate the electronic devices without a wired connection for an energysource. Portable energy sources, however, have a limited amount ofenergy and require recharging as the electronic device depletes energyfrom the portable energy source.

A common type of portable energy source is a rechargeable battery.Traditionally, a rechargeable battery can be recharged by physicallycoupling electrical contacts of a portable electronic device or therechargeable battery with an external energy source, such as an energyunit connected to a wall energy outlet. More recently, wireless charginghas been developed to reduce the inconvenience of having to physicallyconnect a cable to charge the rechargeable battery. In a wirelesscharging system, a wireless transmitting coil coupled to an energysource, such as a wall outlet, is used to induce a current in anotherwireless receiving coil of the portable electronic device or battery.

A wireless charging system can provide wireless energy between thetransmitting coil and the receiving coil using an unmodulated signal,which allows narrow tuning of the transmitting coil and the receivercoil to a same frequency. However, transferring energy using anarrowband signal can allow any receiver, including unauthorizedreceivers, in the vicinity of the transmitting coil to tune to the samefrequency and receive wireless energy. The unauthorized receivers candisrupt the charging of authorized receivers. A need exists toefficiently and safely transfer energy wirelessly to authorized userswhile restricting access to unauthorized users.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from thedetailed description which follows, taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, which together illustrate, by way of example,features of the disclosure; and, wherein:

FIG. 1 depicts a wireless transfer station in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 2 depicts transferring energy or data between a plurality ofwireless transfer coils in accordance with an example;

FIG. 3 a depicts a wireless transfer station in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 3 b depicts another wireless transfer station in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 3 c depicts a cross-sectional view of a battery in accordance withan example;

FIG. 4 depicts a wireless transfer station in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 5 a depicts a wireless transfer station that includes one or moreresonant wireless transfer coils and/or one or more induction wirelesstransfer coils in accordance with an example;

FIG. 5 b depicts a wireless transfer station in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 5 c depicts a wireless transfer station integrated into an objectin accordance with an example;

FIG. 5 d depicts a plurality of wireless transfer stations integratedinto an object in accordance with an example;

FIG. 6 depicts a wireless transfer station that can provide energy toone or more wirelessly powered electronic devices and/or one or morerechargeable batteries coupled to a device in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 7 a depicts a device with a wireless transfer station coupled to adevice or integrated into the device in accordance with an example;

FIG. 7 b depicts a wireless transfer station with a plurality ofwireless transfer coils configured to transfer energy and/or data to anelectronic device in accordance with an example;

FIG. 8 a depicts a wheeled medical cart with a plurality of wirelesstransfer stations integrated into a selected area of a work surface ofthe wheeled medical cart in accordance with an example;

FIG. 8 b depicts a wheeled medical cart with a plurality of wirelesstransfer stations integrated into a work surface of the wheeled medicalcart in accordance with an example;

FIG. 8 c depicts a wheeled medical cart with one or more wirelesstransfer stations integrated into a device holder of the wheeled medicalcart in accordance with an example;

FIG. 9 depicts a floor mat with one or more integrated wireless transferstations in accordance with an example;

FIG. 10 depicts a flooring surface with one or more integrated wirelesstransfer stations in accordance with an example;

FIG. 11 depicts a plate mounted to a wall with one or more integratedwireless transfer stations in accordance with an example;

FIG. 12 depicts a wireless transfer station transferring energy or datato a plurality of different devices and other wireless transfer stationsin accordance with an example;

FIG. 13 depicts a wireless transfer station operable to adjusttransferred energy in accordance with an example;

FIG. 14 depicts a wireless transfer coil with a plurality of loops orwinds in accordance with an example;

FIG. 15 a depicts a wireless transfer coil with overlapping wirelesstransfer coils in accordance with an example;

FIG. 15 b depicts a layers of wireless transfer coils in accordance withan example;

FIG. 15 c depicts a wireless transfer station with overlapping wirelesstransfer coil arrays in accordance with an example;

FIG. 16 depicts a wireless transfer station with an array of wirelesstransfer coils in accordance with an example;

FIG. 17 depicts a wireless transfer hub transferring energy and/orinformation with an electronic device and/or another wireless transferstation using wireless transfer coils in accordance with an example;

FIG. 18 depicts a wireless transfer station configured to communicatewith other wireless transfer stations in accordance with an example;

FIG. 19 shows a framework for a wireless transfer station incommunication with a plurality of wireless transfer stations todetermine when to transfer wireless energy and/or data between thewireless transfer station and one or more of the plurality of wirelesstransfer stations in accordance with an example;

FIG. 20 depicts a wireless transfer station in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 21 shows a framework for a wireless transfer station restricting orlimiting access of one or more other wireless transfer stations totransfer wireless energy and/or data from the wireless transfer stationin accordance with an example;

FIG. 22 shows a framework for a wireless transfer station that can delayaccess of one or more other wireless transfer stations to transferwireless energy and/or data with the wireless transfer station inaccordance with an example;

FIG. 23 shows a framework for a wireless transfer station to controlaccess of one or more other wireless transfer stations to transferwireless energy and/or data with the wireless transfer station based ona priority level of the one or more other wireless transfer stations inaccordance with an example;

FIG. 24 illustrates a method for determining when an unauthorized devicemay be receiving energy from a wireless transfer station in accordancewith an example;

FIG. 25 illustrates a method for determining when one or more otherwireless transfer stations and/or one or more devices is authorized totransfer energy and/or data with the wireless transfer station inaccordance with an example;

FIG. 26 illustrates a method for communicating data with one or moreother wireless transfer stations and/or one or more devices using acommunications module in accordance with an example;

FIG. 27 depicts a wireless transfer station in accordance with anexample;

FIG. 28 depicts a wireless transfer station configured to communicatewith other wireless transfer stations in accordance with an example;

FIG. 29 depicts a wireless transfer station transferring energy and/ordata with one or more wireless transfer stations and/or devices within aselected range in accordance with an example;

FIG. 30 depicts a wireless transfer coil with a plurality of loops orwinds in accordance with an example;

FIG. 31 depicts a first wireless transfer coil emitting a magnetic fieldand a second wireless transfer coil that is partially aligned orpartially coupled with the magnetic field of the first wireless transfercoil in accordance with an example;

FIG. 32 a depicts a wireless transfer station that includes a near fieldcommunications module in accordance with an example;

FIG. 32 b depicts a wireless transfer station with authorized devicesand unauthorized devices in accordance with an example;

FIG. 33 depicts the functionality of computer circuitry of a wirelesstransfer station operable to authenticate a wireless transfer inaccordance with an example;

FIG. 34 depicts the functionality of computer circuitry of a wirelesstransfer station operable to receive wireless energy in accordance withan example;

FIG. 35 depicts a product including a non-transitory storage mediumhaving stored thereon instructions that are adapted to be executed toimplement a method of wirelessly transferring energy or data inaccordance with an example; and

FIG. 36 illustrates a diagram of a device in accordance with an example.

Reference will now be made to the exemplary embodiments illustrated, andspecific language will be used herein to describe the same. It willnevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of theinvention is thereby intended.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Before the present invention is disclosed and described, it is to beunderstood that this invention is not limited to the particularstructures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but isextended to equivalents thereof as would be recognized by thoseordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It should also be understoodthat terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of describingparticular examples only and is not intended to be limiting. The samereference numerals in different drawings represent the same element.Numbers provided in flow charts and processes are provided for clarityin illustrating steps and operations and do not necessarily indicate aparticular order or sequence.

The terms battery, cell, and/or battery cell as used herein can be usedinterchangeably and can refer to any of a variety of different cellchemistries and configurations. In one embodiment the cell chemistriesand configurations can include, but are not limited to, lithium ion(e.g., lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, other lithium metaloxides, etc.), lithium ion polymer, nickel metal hydride, nickelcadmium, nickel hydrogen, nickel zinc, silver zinc, or other batterytype/configurations.

The term battery pack as used herein can refer to one or more individualbatteries contained within a single piece housing, or a multiple piecehousing. The one or more individual batteries can be electricallyinterconnected in parallel and/or in series to achieve a selected energylevel (such as a voltage level or a current level) and capacity level.

An increasing number and variety of electronic devices are powered usingnon-wired energy sources, such as batteries or wireless energy sourcesthat provide power directly to the device or to energy storage systems.The electronic devices can range from mobile phones, portable musicplayers, laptop computers, and tablet computers to medical devices suchas hearing aids, pace makers, wheeled medical carts, medical measurementequipment, medical test equipment, and other types of medical equipment.

Traditionally, battery chargers operate to charge one or more batteriesby either simultaneously charging one or more batteries of the same typeusing a single charging port or by charging each of the batteries of thesame type simultaneously using multiple charging ports. Traditionalbattery chargers can only recharge one type of battery and do notaccount for individual characteristics of different types of batteries.The battery chargers are often limited in the type of battery they canrecharge. In one example, a traditional battery charger can only providea fixed voltage output and a fixed current output to a selected batteryor type of battery with a selected energy level. Energy level inbatteries are typically measured in watt-hours or amp-hours.

Often, rechargeable batteries are used as a replenishable energy sourcefor electronic devices. In one embodiment, a battery pack can includeone or more rechargeable batteries. In one example, the one or morerechargeable batteries can be a lead-based battery, a lithium-basedbattery, a nickel based battery, or another type of chemical storagebattery.

Traditionally, a rechargeable battery pack provides energy to anelectronic device using physical electrically conductive connectionsbetween the rechargeable battery pack and the electronic device. Whenthe traditional rechargeable batteries of the rechargeable battery packare depleted, the rechargeable batteries can be replenished byconnecting physical electrically conductive contacts between therechargeable battery pack and a battery charger.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a wireless transfer stationcan receive energy and/or send energy to another device, such as anotherwireless transfer station, using a wireless energy transfer scheme (e.g.transfer energy without wires). A wireless energy transfer scheme can beany form of wireless energy transfer associated with the use of electricfields, magnetic fields, electromagnetic fields, and so forth thatallows electrical energy to be transmitted between two or more wirelesstransfer elements without using physical electrical contacts. In oneexample, a wireless energy transfer of wireless energy can be a transferof electrical energy from an energy source to an electrical load withoutthe use of interconnecting wires or physical electrical contacts.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can include one or morewireless transfer coils to transfer energy and/or data with otherwireless transfer stations. The wireless transfer coil can include oneor more power management modules to control the energy transfers and/ordata transfers with the other wireless transfer stations.

Examples of a wireless transfer station includes a wireless energyrechargeable battery pack, a wireless energy transfer platform and/ordata transceiver integrated into a medical cart, a wireless energytransfer platform and/or data transceiver integrated into an electronicdevice, a wireless energy transfer platform and/or data transceiverintegrated into a piece of furniture, a wireless energy transferplatform and/or data transceiver integrated into a plate mounted to awall, a wireless energy transfer platform and/or data transceiverintegrated into a device (such as a medical device or medicalequipment), and so forth.

In one example, the wireless transfer station can be a wireless energybattery pack that can be attached to a device, such as a medical cart ormedical equipment. The wireless transfer station that transfers energyand/or data with the device can also relay the energy and/or data withother devices and/or wireless transfer stations. These examples are notintended to be limiting. The wireless transfer station can beimplemented in a variety of electronic devices and mounting locations.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can receive data fromand/or send data or information to another device, such as anotherwireless transfer station, using a wireless data transfer scheme. Inanother embodiment, the wireless data transfer scheme can be any form ofdata transfer associated with a communications network. In anotherembodiment, the communications network can be a cellular network. Thecellular network can be configured to operate based on a cellularstandard, such as the third generation partnership projection (3GPP)long term evolution (LTE) Rel. 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 standard, or theinstitute of electronic and electrical engineers (IEEE) 802.16p,802.16n, 802.16m-2011, 802.16h-2010, 802.16j-2009, or 802.16-2009standard.

In another embodiment, the communications network can be a wirelesslocal area network (such as a wireless fidelity network (Wi-Fi)) thatcan be configured to operate using a standard such as the IEEE802.11-2012, IEEE 802.11ac, or IEEE 802.11ad standard. In anotherembodiment, the communications network can be configured to operateusing a Bluetooth standard such as Bluetooth v1.0, Bluetooth v2.0,Bluetooth v3.0, or Bluetooth v4.0. In another embodiment, thecommunications network can be configured to operate using a ZigBeestandard, such as the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 (ZigBee 2003), IEEE802.15.4-2006 (ZigBee 2006), or IEEE 802.15.4-2007 (ZigBee Pro)standard. In another embodiment, the wireless data transfer scheme canbe any form of data transfer associated with electric fields, magneticfields, or electromagnetic fields that is transmitted between two ormore wireless transfer elements without using physical electricalcontacts.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can include one or morewireless transfer elements. In one example, a wireless transfer elementcan be a wireless transfer coil. In one embodiment, the wirelesstransfer coil can be a coil used for transmitting and/or receivingenergy and/or data using magnetic inductance and/or magnetic resonance.

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless transfer station 110. FIG. 1 furtherillustrates that the wireless transfer station 110 can include awireless transfer coil 120 and a power management module 130. In oneexample, the power management module 130 can convert energy receivedfrom an energy source, such as another wireless transfer station or analternating current (AC) energy outlet, a selected current level, aselected voltage level, and/or a selected wattage level. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station 110 can include one or morebatteries, such as rechargeable batteries. In one embodiment, thewireless transfer coil 120 can comprise a transmitting coil and/or areceiving coil.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of transferring energy or data between aplurality of wireless transfer coils 210 and 220. FIG. 2 furtherillustrates that one of the plurality of wireless transfer coils 210 canbe a transmitting coil 210 and another one of the plurality of wirelesstransfer coils 220 can be a receiving coil 220. In one embodiment,energy and/or data can be transferred from the transmitting coil 210 tothe receiving coil 220 by coupling the transmitting coil 210 with thereceiving coil 220 to enable the energy or data to be transferred over agap or distance. In one example, wireless energy can be transferred bygenerating a magnetic field 230 (such as an electromagnetic field) atthe transmitting coil 210 and positioning the receiving coil 220 withinthe magnetic field 230 to induce a current at the receiving coil 220.The process of inducing a current at the receiving coil is referred toas coupling the receiving coil 220 to the transmitting coil 210. In oneembodiment, the wireless transfer coil coupling for wireless energy ordata transfer can be a magnetic induction coupling. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer coil coupling for wireless energytransfer can be a magnetic resonant coupling.

In one embodiment, the transmitting coil 210 can be a transmittinginduction coil and the receiving coil 220 can be a receiving inductioncoil. The wireless transfer station can use a magnetic field to transferenergy between the transmitting coil 210 coupled to a first object (suchas a wireless transfer station) and a receiving coil 220 of a secondobject (such as another wireless transfer station) without any directcontact between the transmitting coil 210 and the receiving coil 220,e.g. inductive coupling.

In one embodiment, inductive coupling can occur when the transmittingcoil 210 creates a magnetic field 230 (such as an alternatingelectromagnetic field) using an energy source, such as an alternatingcurrent (AC) energy outlet or a direct current (DC) battery. A currentcan be induced at the receiving coil 220 using the magnetic field whenthe receiving coil 220 is located within the magnetic field 230.

In one example, when the transmitting coil 210 and the receiving coil220 are within a threshold proximity distance, the transmitting coil 210and the receiving coil 220 can couple to form an electric transformer.In one embodiment, current from the receiving coil 220 can betransferred to a battery or an electronic device. In another embodiment,the current can be stored in one or more energy sources of the wirelesstransfer station, such as a battery. In another embodiment, the currentcan be transferred to a device coupled to the wireless transfer station.In one embodiment, an impedance of one or more transmitting coils 210can be substantially matched with an impedance of one or more receivingcoils 220.

In one embodiment, the transmitting coil 210 can be a transmittingresonant coil and the receiving coil 220 can be a receiving resonantcoil. A wireless resonant transfer can be a resonant transmission ofenergy or data between at least one transmitting coil 210 and at leastone receiving coil 220. In another embodiment, at least one transmittingcoil 210 and at least one receiving coil 220 can be tuned to resonate ata same frequency or a substantially same frequency.

In one example, resonant transmission of wireless energy can occur whenthe transmitting coil and the receiving coil are constructed to resonateat the same frequency or approximately the same frequency. Thetransmitting coil 210 can be configured to oscillate current at theresonant frequency of the coils to transfer energy and/or data. Theoscillating current of the transmitting coil 210 can generate anoscillating magnetic field at the selected resonant frequency of thereceiving coil. When the receiving coil 220 is positioned adjacent tothe oscillating magnetic field and constructed to operate at the samefrequency or substantially the same frequency as the transmitting coil210, the receiving coil 220 can receive energy and/or data from theoscillating magnetic field.

In another embodiment, an impedance of one or more transmitting coils210 can be substantially matched with an impedance of one or morereceiving coils 220 for energy and/or data transfer. In anotherembodiment, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil can bepositioned such that the receiving coil is within the near field of themagnetic field of the transmitting coil. The near field can be basedwithin the Fraunhofer region, which can be approximately within 1/2πtimes the wavelength of the electromagnetic field.

One advantage of placing the receiving coil within the near field forwireless energy transfer is to reduce an amount of energy that may beradiated or leaked from the wireless transfer coils 210 and 220, e.g.energy not received at the receiving coil 220. In one embodiment, energyin a magnetic field falls off as the inverse squared of a distance(1/d²) between the transmitting coil 210 and the receiving coil 220within the near field. In one example, magnetic resonant coupling can beused to transfer energy at relatively high energy levels between thetransmitting coil 210 and the receiving coil 220 and to minimize orreduce energy leaking away from the wireless transfer coils 210 and 220.

Another advantage of using a near field or a non-radiating field forwireless energy transfer can be that the near field or the non-radiatingfield can be used in areas adjacent to biological material, such ashumans or other biological entities, with minimal or no effects to thebiological material from the wireless energy transfer. In anotherembodiment, a wireless transfer station, such as in FIG. 1, can use aradio frequency (RF) signal, ultrasound, and/or laser beams towirelessly transfer energy and/or data between a transmitting device anda receiving device.

FIG. 3 a shows a wireless transfer station 310 that can include: awireless transfer coil 320, a power management module 330, and aconversion module 340. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer coil 320can be used for resonance coupling and/or induction coupling. In oneexample, the conversion module 340 can be coupled to the wirelesstransfer coil 320 and used to switch the wireless transfer coil 320 froma resonance mode (i.e. transferring wireless energy and/or data usingmagnetic resonance coupling) to an induction mode (i.e. transferringwireless energy and/or data using magnetic induction coupling), or viceversa.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer coil 320 of the wirelesstransfer station 310 can be used for transmitting wireless energy and/orreceiving wireless energy. In one example, the conversion module 340 canbe coupled to the wireless transfer coil 320 and used to switch thewireless transfer coil 320 from a receiving mode (i.e. receivingwireless energy and/or data) to a transmitting mode (i.e. transmittingwireless energy and/or data), or vice versa.

In one embodiment, when the conversion module 340 of the wirelesstransfer station 310 is in the transmitting mode, the conversion module340 or the power management module 330 can convert energy received froman energy source (such as a power outlet or a battery) at a selectedvoltage into a high frequency alternating current and transmit the highfrequency alternating current to a wireless transfer coil of anotherwireless transfer station. The high frequency alternating current canflow through one or more loops of the wireless transfer coil 320 andcreate a varying magnetic field that can induce a current in the otherwireless transfer coil. In another embodiment, when the conversionmodule 340 is switched to the receiving mode, a varying magnetic fieldfrom another wireless transfer station can induce an alternating currentflowing through the one or more loops of the wireless transfer coil 320.The current flowing through the one or more loops can be converted intoa direct current (DC) by the conversion module 340 or the powermanagement module 330 and directed to a battery coupled to the wirelesstransfer station 310 or a device that is electrically coupled to thewireless transfer station 310.

In one embodiment, each wireless transfer coil 320 of a wirelesstransfer station 310 can be coupled to a separate conversion module 340.In another embodiment, one or more conversion modules 340 can be coupledto one or more selected groups of wireless transfer coils 320. Oneadvantage of using a conversion module 340 for switching a wirelesstransfer coil 320 between transmitting mode and receiving mode can be toreduce a complexity of design and/or size of a wireless transfer station310 by reducing a number of wireless transfer coils 320 used to transmitand/or receive wireless energy. Another advantage of using a conversionmodule 340 for switching a wireless transfer coil between a transmittingmode and receiving mode is to provide a dual functionality to a wirelesstransfer station of both transmitting and receiving wireless energy.

FIG. 3 b illustrates a wireless transfer station 350. FIG. 3 b furtherillustrates that the wireless transfer station 350 can include: awireless transfer coil 360; a power management module 370; and a battery380. The battery 380 can comprise a plurality of batteries, such asrechargeable batteries. In one example, the power management module 370can convert energy received using the wireless transfer coil 360 from anenergy source, such as another wireless transfer station or analternating current (AC) energy outlet, to a selected current level at aselected voltage level to provide a selected wattage level. In oneembodiment, the power management module can transfer the convertedenergy to the battery 380 to store the energy.

FIG. 3 c shows a cross-sectional view of a battery 380, for example alithium ion battery utilizing an 18650 battery form-factor. The battery380 can include: a case 386, such as a cylindrical case; one or moreelectrodes 388, and a cap 384. In one embodiment, the case 386 can bemade of a metal, such as nickel-plated steel, that can be non-reactivewith battery materials, such as an electrolyte or the one or moreelectrodes 388. In one embodiment, a bottom surface 390 of the case 386can be seamlessly integrated with the remainder of the case 386. In oneembodiment, a top end 382 of the case 386 can be open ended. In anotherembodiment, the cap 384 can be located at the top end 382 of the case386. In another embodiment, the top end 382 can be a positive electricalterminal of the battery 380 and the bottom end 390 can be a negativeelectrical terminal. In one example, the positive electrical terminaland the negative electrical terminal of the battery 380 can be connectedto a wireless transfer station to provide energy to the wirelesstransfer station. In another embodiment, a plurality of batteries can beconnected in series and/or in parallel. In one embodiment, the battery380 can be connected to a power management module, such as the powermanagement modules in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b.

FIG. 4 shows a wireless transfer station 410 that can include: awireless transfer coil 420, a power management module 430, acommunications module 440, and/or a coordination module 450. In oneembodiment, the wireless transfer station 410 can communicate with oneor more other wireless transfer stations or one or more devices usingthe communication module 440.

In one embodiment, the communication module 440 of the wireless transferstation 410 can use a communications network to communicate the data toa device and/or another wireless transfer station. In anotherembodiment, the communications network can be a cellular network thatmay be a 3GPP LTE Rel. 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 or IEEE 802.16p, 802.16n,802.16m-2011, 802.16h-2010, 802.16j-2009, 802.16-2009. In anotherembodiment, communications network can be a wireless network (such as awireless fidelity network (Wi-Fi)) that may follow a standard such asthe Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers (IEEE)802.11-2012, IEEE 802.11ac, or IEEE 802.11ad standard. In anotherembodiment, the communications network can be a Bluetooth connectionsuch as Bluetooth v1.0, Bluetooth v2.0, Bluetooth v3.0, or Bluetoothv4.0. In another embodiment, the communications network can be a ZigBeeconnection such as IEEE 802.15.4-2003 (ZigBee 2003), IEEE 802.15.4-2006(ZigBee 2006), IEEE 802.15.4-2007 (ZigBee Pro).

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station 410 can transfer energyto one or more other wireless transfer stations, receive energy from oneor more other wireless transfer stations, and/or communicate data orinformation with one or more other wireless transfer stations. Inanother embodiment, the coordination module 450 of the wireless transferstation 410 can coordinate when energy is transferred between wirelesstransfer stations and/or when data is communicated between wirelesstransfer stations. In another embodiment, the coordination module 450can use the communications module 440 to communicate with one or moreother wireless transfer stations to coordinate energy and/or datatransfer between the wireless transfer station 410 and the one or moreother wireless transfer stations.

One advantage of transferring energy and/or data using a wirelesstransfer station 410 is to provide a single connection point between thewireless transfer station 410 and other wireless transfer stationsand/or other devices. Another advantage of transferring energy and/ordata using the wireless transfer station 410 can be to enable a singlestep for both transferring energy between the wireless transfer station410 and other wireless transfer stations and communicating orsynchronizing data communicated between the wireless transfer station410 and other wireless transfer stations. In one example, when a firstwireless transfer station (such as a wireless transfer stationintegrated into a medical cart) is located adjacent to a second wirelesstransfer station (such as a wireless transfer station integrated into aplate mounted to a wall or a floor mat), the first wireless transferstation can both receive energy from the second wireless transferstation and synchronize information with the second wireless transferstation.

In one embodiment, the coordination module 450 can communicate with aconversion module, as in FIG. 3 a, to coordinate when one or morewireless transfer coils 420 of the wireless transfer station 410 cantransmit and/or receive wireless energy and/or data. In one example, thecoordination module 450 communicates with a conversion module, as inFIG. 3 a, to coordinate transmitting and/or receiving wireless energyand/or data by coordinating when one or more wireless transfer coils 420are in a transmitting mode or a receiving mode, as discussed in thepreceding paragraphs.

FIG. 5 a shows a wireless transfer station 510 that includes one or moreresonant wireless transfer coils 520 and/or one or more inductionwireless transfer coils 530. In one example, the wireless transferstation 510 can have a resonant wireless transfer coil 520 and cantransfer energy to a resonant wireless transfer coil of a first wirelesstransfer station and can have an induction wireless transfer coil 530and can transfer energy to an induction wireless transfer coil of asecond wireless transfer station. One advantage of the wireless transferstation having both resonant wireless transfer coils 520 and inductionwireless transfer coils 530 can be to provide energy and/or data towireless transfer stations and/or devices with only one of the resonantwireless transfer coils or the induction wireless transfer coils,thereby enabling more devices to transfer energy to the wirelesstransfer station.

In one embodiment, a device or another wireless transfer station caninclude one or more resonant wireless transfer coils and/or one or moreinduction wireless transfer coils. In one embodiment, the device or theother wireless transfer station receiving energy from the wirelesstransfer station 510 can select whether to receive wireless energy fromthe one or more resonant wireless transfer coils 520 or the one or moreinduction wireless transfer coils 530 of the wireless transfer station510. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station 510 can beconfigured to select whether to transmit wireless energy using the oneor more resonant wireless transfer coils 520 or the one or moreinduction wireless transfer coils 530. In one example, a resonanttransmitting coil and a resonant receiving coil pair can have a higherenergy transfer efficiency than an induction transmitting coil and aninduction receiving coil pair. In this example, when the device or theother wireless transfer station includes a resonant receiving coil, theother wireless transfer station and/or the device or the wirelesstransfer station 510 can be configured to use one or more resonantwireless transfer coils to perform an energy transfer.

In one embodiment, the one or more resonant wireless transfer coils 520and/or the one or more induction wireless transfer coils 530 can betransmitting coils and/or receiving coils. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station 510 can include one or more repeater coils540. In one example, the repeater coil 540 can enhance wirelesslytransmitted energy of a transmitting coil, e.g. providing additionaltransmission energy. In another example, the repeater coil 540 canreceive the wireless energy from a transmitting coil and relay orretransmit the received energy to another repeater coil 540 or to areceiving coil. The repeater coils can be configured as inductiverepeater coils or resonant repeater coils, and associated with transmitcoils and receive coils of the same kind.

In one embodiment, the one or more resonant wireless transfer coils 520,the one or more induction wireless transfer coils 530, and/or therepeater coil 540 can include a power management module 550 configuredto covert energy from an energy source to a varying magnetic field. Inanother embodiment, the one or more resonant wireless transfer coils520, the one or more induction wireless transfer coils 530, and/or therepeater coil 540 can be coupled to a power management module 550configured to convert a magnetic field into energy, such as energy at aselected current level, a voltage level, a wattage level, and/or anamperage level, and transfer the energy to a battery of the wirelesstransfer station 510 or a device coupled to the wireless transferstation 510.

FIG. 5 b illustrates one exemplary embodiment of the wireless transferstation 510. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station 510 can bea stand-alone device used to transfer wireless energy to other devices.In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station 510 can include awireless transfer coil 520 and a power management module 530. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station 510 can direct energy receivedat the wireless transfer coil 520 using the power management module 530to a device coupled to the wireless transfer station 510.

In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station 510 can transferthe energy received at the wireless transfer coil 520 to the coupleddevice using physical electrical contacts. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station 510 can transfer the energy to the coupleddevice using the wireless transfer coil 520. In one embodiment, thewireless transfer station 510 can store received energy at a battery540.

FIG. 5 c illustrates one exemplary embodiment of the wireless transferstation 510 integrated into an object 520. In one embodiment, the object520 that the wireless transfer station 510 can be integrated into can bean electronic device, such as a medical device or a wireless energybattery pack. In one example, the wireless transfer station 510 can beintegrated into a medical infusion pump and provide energy to themedical infusion pump. In another embodiment, the object 520 can beintegrated into a medical cart (such as a work surface of the medicalcart), a floor mat, a floor surface, a plate mounted to a wall, a wallsurface, chair railing, a room railing, a ceiling tile, a ceilingsurface, and so forth. FIG. 5 d illustrates that a plurality of wirelesstransfer stations 510 can be integrated into an object 520. FIG. 5 d isthe same as FIG. 5 c in all other aspects.

FIG. 6 shows a wireless transfer station 610 that can provide energy toone or more non-wire powered electronic devices 620 and/or one or morerechargeable batteries 640 coupled to a device 630. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station 610 can provide energy todifferent types of non-wire powered electronic devices, such as amonitoring device, a computing device, a medical device, and so forth.In one example, the wireless transfer station 610 can provide a unifiedenergy source for the devices 620 and 630 and/or the one or morerechargeable batteries 640 coupled to the device 630. In one embodiment,a unified energy source can be a power source that can provide power toa device, a wireless transfer station, and/or a battery without usingdifferent power connectors to provide the power to the device, thewireless transfer station, and/or the battery. In one embodiment, thewireless transfer stations can include an integrated wireless energycoil and a physical electrical energy connection terminal. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station 610 can transfer energy via anelectrical energy connection terminal and/or an integrated wirelesstransfer coil.

FIG. 7 a shows a device 710 with a wireless transfer station 720 coupledto the device 710 or integrated into the device 710. In one embodiment,the wireless transfer station 720 can be configured to provide energy tobatteries 730 of the device 710 and the batteries 730 can provide energyto the device 710. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station720 can be configured to provide energy directly to the device 710, e.g.without using batteries. In one example, a power management module 740can provide energy directly to the device 710 by receiving energy at awireless transfer coil 750 of the wireless transfer station 710 from awireless transfer coil of another wireless transfer station and directthe energy via the power management module 740 to the device 710 and/orthe batteries 730.

FIG. 7 b illustrates a wireless transfer station 710 with a plurality ofwireless transfer coils 730 configured to transfer energy and/or data toan electronic device 720, such as a medical device. The medical devicecan include one or more integrated wireless transfer stations 740. Inone embodiment, the electronic device 720 can be located adjacent to thewireless transfer station 710. For example, a bottom surface of theelectronic device 720 can abut a top surface of the wireless transferstation 710.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station or one or morecomponents of the wireless transfer station can be incorporated into adevice. The device can be: a wheeled medical cart; a platform coupledthe wheeled medical cart; a platform integrated into the wheeled medicalcart; and/or a device coupled the wheeled medical cart.

FIGS. 8 a, 8 b, and 8 c show a wheeled medical cart 810 with differentconfigurations of integrated wireless transfer stations 820, 830, and840, respectively. FIG. 8 a shows a wheeled medical cart 810 with aplurality of wireless transfer stations 820 integrated into a selectedarea 852 of a work surface 850 of the wheeled medical cart 810. FIG. 8 bshows a wheeled medical cart 810 with a plurality of wireless transferstations 830 integrated into a work surface 860 of the wheeled medicalcart 810. The wheeled medical cart 810 of FIG. 8 b is the same as thewheeled medical cart 810 in FIG. 8 a in all other regards. FIG. 8 cshows a wheeled medical cart 810 with one or more of wireless transferstations 840 integrated into a device holder 870 of the wheeled medicalcart 810. The wheeled medical cart 810 of FIG. 8 c is the same as thewheeled medical carts 810 in FIGS. 8 a and 8 b in all other regards.

In one embodiment, the wheeled medical cart 810 can have one or moreattached work surfaces 850 or 860. In one example, the one or more worksurfaces 850 or 860 and/or device holder 870 of the wheeled medical cartcan include one or more integrated or coupled wireless transfer coils,such as one or more transmitting coils, one or more repeater coils,and/or one or more receiving coils. In another embodiment, the one ormore work surfaces 850 or 860 and/or device holder 870 can have one ormore selected areas for other devices, such as medical devices and/ormobile devices, to be placed on the one or more work surfaces 850 or 860and/or device holder 870 and receive wireless energy.

In one embodiment, the device holder 870 can be designed to hold one ormore devices at selected alignments to orient the one or more devices toreceive energy from one or more of wireless transfer stations 840. Inone example, the device holder 870 can be integrated into the wheeledmedical cart 810 and the device holder 870 can hold and orient one ormore medical devices to receive wireless energy using wireless transferstations coupled to the medical devices and/or wireless transferstations integrated into the medical devices.

In one embodiment, the wheeled medical cart 810 can include one or moreelectrical systems and/or one or more devices coupled to the wheeledmedical cart 810. In another embodiment, the wheeled medical cart 810can use one or more wireless transfer stations 880 to power the one ormore electrical systems and/or the one or more devices. In anotherembodiment, the one or more wireless transfer stations 880 can receivewireless energy while attached to the wheeled medical cart. In anotherembodiment, the one or more wireless transfer stations 880 can beremoved from the wheeled medical cart and can be attached to anotherwireless transfer station or be located adjacent to the wirelesstransfer station and receive wireless energy.

FIG. 9 shows one exemplary embodiment of floor mat 910 with one or moreintegrated wireless transfer stations 920. In one embodiment, theintegrated wireless transfer stations 920 can receive energy and/or datafrom an outlet 930. In one embodiment, the outlet 930 can be a walloutlet and the integrated wireless transfer stations 920 can receivealternating current (AC) from the outlet 930. In another embodiment, theoutlet 930 can be a data outlet, such as an Ethernet outlet, and theintegrated wireless transfer stations 920 can receive data from theoutlet 930.

In another embodiment, the one or more integrated wireless transferstations 920 can include one or more wireless transfer coils to transferenergy from the wireless transfer station 920 to another wirelesstransfer station. In one example, a wireless transfer station coupled toa wheeled medical cart can be moved into a location in proximity oradjacent to the wireless transfer station integrated 920 into the floormat 910 and receive energy from the one or more wireless transferstations 920 integrated into the floor mat 910.

FIG. 10 shows one exemplary embodiment of a flooring surface 1010 withone or more integrated wireless transfer stations 1020. In anotherembodiment, the one or more integrated wireless transfer stations 1020can include one or more wireless transfer coils. In another embodiment,the flooring surface 1010 can be a flooring tile with the one or moreintegrated wireless transfer stations 1020 integrated into the flooringtile. In another embodiment, the one or more integrated wirelesstransfer stations 1020 can be coupled to the flooring surface, such asattached to an outer surface of a flooring tile.

FIG. 11 shows one exemplary embodiment of a plate 1110 mounted to a wall1180 with one or more integrated wireless transfer stations 1120. Inanother embodiment, the one or more integrated wireless transferstations 1120 can include one or more wireless transfer coils 1160. Inanother embodiment, the plate 1110 can be integrated into the wall 1180.In another embodiment, the one or more integrated wireless transferstations 1120 can be coupled to the wall 1180, such as attached to aninner surface of the wall 1180. In another embodiment, a receptacle 1130can be attached to the plate 1110. In another embodiment, the receptacle1130 can receive a device, such as a medical device, or another wirelesstransfer station. In another embodiment, one or more wireless transferstations 1140 can be coupled to the receptacle 1130 and the one or morewireless transfer stations 1140 can be used to transfer energy and/ordata with the device or the other wireless transfer station, such as byusing a wireless transfer coil 1150.

In another embodiment, a plate 1110 can be attached to a mounting plate1170 that is attached to the wall 1180. One advantage of attaching theplate 1110 to the mounting plate 1190 can be that the plate 1110 can beeasily and/or quickly removed from the mounting plate 1170 formaintenance, upgrades, replacement, and so forth. In one embodiment, theplate 1110 can be attached to the mounting plate 1170 using one or morefasteners or connectors, such as hooks, quick connectors, screws, bolts,and so forth.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can monitor an amountof energy and/or data transmitted by a wireless transfer coil and/or anamount of energy and/or data received by the wireless transfer coil. Inone example, a first wireless transfer station with a receiving coil cancommunicate energy information to a second wireless transfer stationwith a transmitting coil, using a communications module as discussed inthe preceding paragraphs. The energy information can include: voltagelevel information, current draw level information, energy levelinformation of the energy received at the receiving coil, energy levelinformation of the energy transmitted from the transmitting coil,internal temperature information, ambient temperature information, orother types of desired metrics.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can adjust an amount ofenergy transmitted from a wireless transfer coil of a wireless transferstation to another wireless transfer coil of another wireless transferstation based on the energy information. In one example, if a devicewith an integrated or coupled wireless transfer station requires 5 volts(V) and 2 amps (A) of energy and is currently receiving a voltage levelor an amperage level at a level above or below a selected energy levelrange (such as a voltage range and/or a current range), the device orthe coupled wireless transfer station can communicate the energyinformation to the wireless transfer station. In this example, thewireless transfer station can adjust the energy transferred from thewireless transfer coil to the other wireless transfer coil to bring theenergy level range received at a wireless transfer coil to a levelwithin a selected energy level range.

In another embodiment, a wireless transfer station can be acommunication hub between multiple devices and/or other wirelesstransfer stations. In one example, the wireless transfer station can beintegrated into a medical cart. The medical cart can receive data from afirst device using a communication module (as discussed in the precedingparagraphs) and relay the data to another wireless transfer station,such as a wireless transfer station attached to a wall or floor.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can regulate an amountof energy received by one or more other wireless transfer stations. Inone example, when a first wireless transfer station uses a transmittingcoil for a transfer of energy and/or data, the first wireless transferstation can control an amount of energy received at a second wirelesstransfer station by detuning a frequency of the transmitting coil by aselected amount. In another example, when a first wireless transferstation uses receiving coils for a transfer of energy and/or data, thefirst wireless transfer station can control an amount of energy receivedfrom a second wireless transfer station by detuning a frequency of thereceiving coil by selected amount. In another example, to regulate theamount of energy and/or transferred between the first wireless transferstation and the second wireless transfer station, the first wirelesstransfer station and/or the second wireless transfer station can adjusta number of winds of a wireless transfer coil used to create an magneticfield or couple with the magnetic field.

FIG. 12 illustrates a wireless transfer station transferring energyand/or data to a plurality of different devices and other wirelesstransfer stations. In one embodiment, to regulate an amount of energyand/or data received by a device 1220, a wireless transfer station 1230,and/or a selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240,wireless transfer coils of the device 1220, the wireless transferstation 1230, and/or the selected group of other wireless transferstations 1240 can be tuned to different frequencies 1250, 1260, and1270, respectively. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station1210 can switch a plurality of wireless transfer coils of the wirelesstransfer station 1210 to the frequencies 1250, 1260, and 1270 thatcorrespond to the frequencies for the device 1220, the wireless transferstation 1230, and/or the selected group of other wireless transferstations 1240, respectively, to provide data and/or selected amounts ofenergy on the frequencies 1250, 1260, and 1270. In one embodiment, thedifferent frequencies 1250, 1260, and 1270 can be different resonantfrequencies. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station 1210 canswitch one wireless transfer coil of the wireless transfer station 1210to different frequencies 1250, 1260, and 1270 that correspond to thefrequencies for the device 1220, the wireless transfer station 1230,and/or the selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240,respectively to provide data and/or selected amounts of energy on thefrequencies 1250, 1260, and 1270 for selected periods of time. In oneembodiment, a frequency of the wireless transfer coils of the wirelesstransfer station 1210, the device 1220, the wireless transfer station1230, and/or the selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240can be dynamically adjusted or varied to different selected frequencies.In another embodiment, different amounts of energy and/or data can betransferred on the different frequencies 1250, 1260, and/or 1270. Inanother embodiment, an amount of energy and/or data transferred on thedifferent frequencies 1250, 1260, and 1270 can be dynamically varied.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station 1210 can collect and/orstore data and/or energy information of the wireless transfer station1210, the device 1220, the wireless transfer station 1230, and/or theselected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station 1210 can analyze the dataand/or energy information to determine an amount of energy receivedand/or used by the wireless transfer station 1210, the device 1220, thewireless transfer station 1230, and/or the selected group of otherwireless transfer stations 1240. In another embodiment, the wirelesstransfer station 1210, the device 1220, the wireless transfer station1230, and/or the selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240can collect and/or store the data and/or energy information.

In one embodiment, the energy information can include: a state of thedevice 1220, the wireless transfer station 1210 or 1230, and/or theselected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240; a state of asubsystem or module of the device 1220, the wireless transfer station1210 or 1230, and/or the selected group of other wireless transferstations 1240; a state of the device 1220, the wireless transfer station1230, and/or the selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240within a coverage area of the wireless transfer station 1210; locationinformation of the device 1220, the wireless transfer station 1230,and/or the selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240within the coverage area of the wireless transfer station 1210; awireless transfer station identification (ID), a device ID, a wirelesstransfer station subsystem ID or module ID, a usage level of the device1220, the wireless transfer station 1210 or 1230, and/or the selectedgroup of other wireless transfer stations 1240; and/or healthinformation of the device 1220, the wireless transfer station 1230,and/or the selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240within the coverage area of the wireless transfer station 1210. In oneembodiment, the health information can be information of an actual fullcharge capacity of one or more batteries or one or more battery cells ofthe device 1220, the wireless transfer station 1210 or 1230, and/or theselected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240 compared to adesigned capacity of one or more batteries or one or more battery cellsof the device 1220, the wireless transfer station 1210 or 1230, and/orthe selected group of other wireless transfer stations 1240. In oneexample, the actual full charge capacity of a battery of the wirelesstransfer station 1210 can be 16 amp hours and the designed capacity ofthe battery can be 24 amp hours and the health information can indicatethat the actual full charge capacity is below the designed capacity. Inanother embodiment, the health information can include a batterydepletion rate, a number of charge cycles of a battery or group ofbatteries, an amount of charge a battery or group of batteries receivedfor a charge period, an average charge period for a battery or group ofbatteries, a remaining battery capacity level of a battery or group ofbatteries, and so forth.

In one embodiment, selected locations can have wireless transferstations that can provide energy to one or more devices and/or otherwireless transfer stations. The wireless transfer stations can determinean ID of the one or more devices or the other wireless transfer stationsand indicate the location of the devices and/or the other wirelesstransfer stations. In one example, a wheeled medical cart can receiveenergy from a wireless transfer station at a patient room in a hospital.The wireless transfer station can provide location information of thelocation of the wheeled medical cart to a central server of the hospitalor information technology (IT) department indicating the location of thewheeled medical cart.

In one embodiment, wireless energy and/or data transferred between afirst wireless transfer station and a second wireless transfer stationcan be an alternating current (AC) energy signal. In another embodiment,the first wireless transfer station can send the AC energy signal and tothe second wireless transfer station, and the second wireless transferstation can change the AC energy signal into a direct current (DC)energy signal. In one example, the second wireless transfer station canbe a wireless energy battery pack. In this example, the wireless energybattery pack can include a built-in charger to convert the AC energysignal to a DC energy signal and transfer the DC energy to one or morebatteries or battery cells of the wireless energy battery pack.

FIG. 13 depicts a wireless transfer station 1310 operable to adjusttransferred energy. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station1310 can include a wave rectifier 1320 to adjust (e.g. step up or stepdown) a voltage level of transferred energy. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station 1310 can include a buck converter 1330 and thewave rectifier 1320 can transfer the wireless energy to one or morebatteries or one or more battery cells 1360 via the buck converter 1330.In another embodiment, a current level of the wireless transfer station1310 can be controlled using a voltage stepper 1340 for voltagestepping. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station 1310 canuse a sensor resistor 1350 to measure the current going into the one ormore batteries or one or more battery cells 1360. In one example, thewireless transfer station 1310 can communicate voltage level informationand/or current level information using a communication module 1370. Inthis example, the wireless transfer station 1310 can adjust the voltagelevel and/or current level of the wirelessly transferred energy to aselected level based on the communicated voltage level informationand/or current level information. In another embodiment, the wirelesstransfer station 1310 can use a shunt or voltage stepper 1340 to controlan amount of energy transferred between the wireless transfer station1310 and another wireless transfer station.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can regulate an amountof energy received by one or more other wireless transfer stations. Inone example, when a first wireless transfer station uses a wirelesstransfer coil to transfer energy, the first wireless transfer stationcan control the amount of energy received at a second wireless transferstation by detuning a frequency of the wireless transfer coil of thefirst wireless transfer station by a selected amount. In anotherexample, the first wireless transfer station can control the amount ofenergy received from the second wireless transfer station by detuning afrequency of the wireless transfer coil of the first wireless transferstation by selected amount.

FIG. 14 shows a wireless transfer coil 1410 with a plurality of loops orwinds 1420. In one embodiment, an amount of energy transmitted and/orreceived by the wireless transfer coil 1410 can be adjusted using one ormore adjustment modules 1430. In one embodiment, the one or moreadjustment modules 1430 can engage or disengage one or more of theplurality of loops 1420 to: effectively vary a size of the wirelesstransfer coil 1410; change a number of active loops of the wirelesstransfer coil 1410; change a shape of a magnetic field of the wirelesstransfer coil 1410; change an amount of energy transferred using thewireless transfer coil 1410; or enable or disable selected devices fromreceiving energy and/or data from the wireless transfer coil 1410.

In one embodiment, the one or more adjustment modules 1430 can be one ormore switches, such as an impedance matching switch or an on/off switch.In one example, a selected number of the plurality of loops 1420 can beengaged by turning on one or more of the corresponding switches and aselected number of the plurality of loops 1420 can be disengaged byturning off one or more of the corresponding switches.

In one embodiment, a resonant frequency between of the wireless transfercoil 1410 can be dynamically adjusted using the one or more adjustmentmodules 1430. In one embodiment, the one or more adjustment modules 1430can be adjustable energy oscillators. In another embodiment, the one ormore adjustment modules 1430 can be variable capacitors, variableinductors, and/or variable inductors and the respective capacitance,resistance, and/or inductance can be changed to tune or detune thewireless transfer coil 1410.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer coil of a first wireless transferstation can have a fixed impedance and/or resonant frequency and animpedance and/or resonant frequency of a second wireless transfer coilof a second wireless transfer station can be adjustable. In anotherembodiment, the impedance and/or resonant frequency of the wirelesstransfer coil of the first wireless transfer station and the impedanceand/or resonant frequency of the wireless transfer coil of the secondwireless transfer station can each be adjustable.

In one embodiment, each wireless transfer station can have a uniquestation ID associated with the wireless transfer station. In anotherembodiment, each station ID can be used to associate selectedinformation with each wireless transfer station. In another embodiment,each wireless transfer station and/or each type of wireless transferstation can be configured to have a plurality of differentcharacteristics, such as different form factors, different voltageinputs and/or outputs, different current inputs and/or outputs, and soforth.

In one embodiment, each rechargeable battery or battery cell in awireless transfer station can have a different battery ID. In anotherembodiment, one or more types of rechargeable batteries or battery cellsin a wireless transfer station can each have different battery IDs. Inanother embodiment, a wireless transfer station can be coupled to aplurality of different types of devices and/or other wireless transferstations. In one example, the different types of devices and/or otherwireless transfer stations can include: devices and/or other wirelesstransfer stations used for selected applications, devices and/or otherwireless transfer stations with different voltage inputs or outputs,devices and/or other wireless transfer stations with different currentinputs or outputs, and so forth. In another embodiment, the differenttypes of devices can use different types of wireless transfer stations.In another embodiment, different station IDs for different wirelesstransfer stations can be associated with selected types of devices. Inone example, each device and/or wireless transfer station can determinewhen a wireless transfer station coupled to the device is a wirelesstransfer station that is compatible with the device using the station IDof the wireless transfer station and/or the device ID of the device. Inone embodiment, a device ID, a station ID, and/or a battery ID caninclude: serial number information of the device, the station, or thebattery; a manufacturing date of the device, the station, or thebattery; a manufacturing location of the device, the station, or thebattery; and/or a version number of the device, battery, or wirelesstransfer station, respectively.

Traditionally, energy sources such as battery packs have differentenergy connectors for coupling the battery packs to different devices.Additionally, traditional battery packs have different energy connectorsfor different energy transfer levels. In one example, a battery coupledto a wheeled medical cart has one energy connector for transferringenergy to the wheeled medical cart and a battery coupled to a medicalfusion pump has a different energy connector for transferring energy tothe medical fusion pump. Additionally, traditional battery packs foreach type of device have different energy transfer levels correspondingto the device receiving the energy and require different battery packconfigurations for each type of device. In one example, a wheeledmedical cart may use a battery configured to transfer 20 volts and 5amps of energy while a medical fusion pump may use a battery configuredto transfer 10 volts and 3 amps. In one embodiment, a wireless transferstation can select the amount of energy, such as a voltage level or acurrent level, to wirelessly transfer to a device or other wirelesstransfer station based on a power configuration, such as a voltage or acurrent input requirement, of the device or other wireless transferstation. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can adjust orchange an amount of energy transferred from the wireless transferstation to the device or other wireless transfer station by selectingdifferent sizes of coils and/or tuning or detuning of coils (asdiscussed in the preceding paragraphs). In one example, the wirelesstransfer station can select a wireless transfer coil size or frequencyto transfer 5 volts of energy to a 5-volt device and select a differentwireless transfer coil size or frequency to transfer 10 volts of energyto a 10-volt device.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can communicate with adevice or another wireless transfer station and receive an energyrequirement information of the device or the other wireless transferstation. The wireless energy battery pack can use the energy requirementinformation to determine the amount of energy to transfer to the deviceor the other wireless transfer station. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station can receive a device ID or a station ID fromthe device or the other wireless transfer station, respectively,receiving energy from the wireless transfer station. The device ID orstation ID can be associated with an energy requirement of the device orthe other wireless transfer station and the wireless transfer stationcan adjust an energy level transfer based on the associated energyrequirement.

One advantage of the wireless transfer station selecting the amount ofenergy to wirelessly transfer to a device or other wireless transferstation is that the wireless transfer station can be used with aplurality of different devices and/or other wireless transfer stationswith different energy requirements. Another advantage of wirelesstransfer station having an adjustable energy level transfer capabilitycan be to enable the wireless transfer station to be used with differentdevices and/or other wireless transfer stations with different energylevel requirements without needing different energy connection adapters.In one example, the wireless transfer station can be connected to thewheeled medical cart, determine that the wheeled medical cart requires20 volts and 5 amps of energy, and transfer the required energy. Thewireless transfer station can later be swapped to a medical fusion pump,the wireless transfer station can determine the medical fusion pumprequires 10 volts and 3 amps, and transfer the required energy.

FIGS. 15 a, 15 b, and 15 c provide examples of wireless transfer coilsin overlapping patterns. FIG. 15 a shows a wireless transfer coil 1530with overlapping wireless transfer coils 1510 and 1520. FIG. 15 afurther shows wireless transfer coil 1520 overlapping wireless transfercoil 1510. FIG. 15 b shows layers of wireless transfer coils 1540, 1550,and 1560. FIG. 15 b further shows one exemplary embodiment of layers ofwireless transfer coils with a bottom layer of wireless transfer coils1560, a middle layer of wireless transfer coils 1550, and a top layer ofwireless transfer coils 1540. FIG. 15 c shows a show a wireless transferstation 1570 with overlapping wireless transfer coil arrays 1580 and1590, as further discussed in the proceeding paragraphs. One advantageof overlapping the wireless transfer coils can be to shape an overallmagnetic field from a plurality of wireless transfer coils.

In one embodiment, to increase a coupling distance range between atransmitting coil and a receiving coil and/or to increase a range ofalignment positions between a transmitting coil and a receiving coil, atransmitting coil array and/or a receiving coil array can be used. FIG.16 show a wireless transfer station 1610 with an array of wirelesstransfer coils 1620. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer coils ofthe array 1620 can be arranged in a selected pattern, i.e. a coil arraypattern. In one example, the wireless transfer coils of the array 1620can be arranged in a rectangular pattern (such as in FIG. 16), acircular pattern, an elliptical pattern, and so forth. FIG. 16 shows awireless transfer station 1610 with a non-overlapping wireless transfercoil array pattern. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer coil arraycan include an array of transmitting coils, receiving coils, repeatercoils, or a combination thereof. One advantage of non-overlappingwireless energy coils can be to create separate electromagnetic fields.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can select a number ofwireless transfer coils in the coil array, e.g. a wireless transfer coilarray subset, to provide energy for wireless energy transfer. FIG. 16further shows the wireless transfer station 1610 with wireless transfercoil subsets 1630 and 1640 within the wireless coil array 1620. In oneembodiment, the wireless transfer station 1610 can select a number ofwireless transfer coils, e.g. a wireless transfer coil subset. In oneexample, the wireless transfer station 1610 can receive or transmitenergy using one or more wireless transfer coil subsets 1630 and 1640within the wireless coil array 1620 and not receive or transmit energyusing the other wireless transfer coils in the wireless coil array 1620.FIG. 16 shows a wireless transfer coil subset 1630 with four selectedwireless transfer coils in the wireless transfer coil subset 1630 andwireless transfer coil subset 1640 with two selected wireless transfercoils in the wireless transfer coil subset 1640. Subsets 1630 and 1640are exemplary embodiments of different numbers of selected wirelesstransfer coils in a wireless transfer coil subsets. The number ofselected wireless transfer coils in a wireless transfer coil subset isnot limited to the number of coils in subsets 1630 and 1640 of FIG. 16.

In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station 1610 can detect alocation of one or more receiving coils relative to one or moretransmitting coils in the wireless coil array 1620. When the location ofthe one or more receiving coils is determined relative to the one ormore transmitting coils, the wireless coil array 1620 array provide canenergy to the one or more wireless transfer coils or a wireless transfercoil array subset, such as wireless transfer coil subset 1630 or 1640,corresponding to the location of the one or more receiving coils. Oneadvantage of providing power to the one or more the one or more wirelesstransfer coils or the wireless transfer coil array subset correspondingto the location of the one or more receiving coils can be to increase oroptimize an amount of energy received at the one or more receivingcoils.

In one embodiment, to detect the location of the one or more receivingcoils of a device or another wireless transfer station relative to oneor more transmitting coils of the wireless transfer station 1610, thewireless transfer station 1610 can be in communication with the deviceor the other wireless transfer station. In one example, the otherwireless transfer station can send a beacon to the wireless transferstation 1610 indicating a location of the other wireless transferstation or one or more receiving coil of the other wireless transferstation relative to the one or more wireless transfer coils or thewireless transfer coil array subset. In another embodiment, the wirelesstransfer station 1610 can determine alignment information based on thebeacon and indicate to a user alignment directions.

In one embodiment, to determine a number of transmitting coils in thearray subset 1630 or 1640 to provide energy to, the wireless transferstation 1610 can serially or sequentially applying energy to one or morewireless transfer coils in the wireless coil array 1620. Anotherwireless transfer station with one or more receiving coils cancommunicate energy information to the wireless transfer station 1610when different transmitting coils are active and transferring energy.The wireless transfer station 1610 can use the energy information todetermine an optimal number and/or subset of the transmitting coils toprovide energy to for optimal or increased energy transfer to thereceiving coil of the other wireless transfer station.

In another embodiment, the wireless coil array 1620 can be an array ofreceiving coils. The wireless coil array 1620 can sequentially orserially connect a selected subset of receiving coils to a receivingenergy source and determine an arrangement of a selected subset ofreceiving coils, such as subsets 1630 or 1640, to receive an increasedor optimal amount of energy from one or more transmitting coils. In oneembodiment, an energy management system can determine an optimal numberof selected transmitting coils or selected receiving coils to activatefor coupling or pairing to provide a device or a wireless transferstation with a selected level of energy.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer station can use a location of atransmitting coil and/or the location of a receiving coil to determinealignment information, such as the alignment of a receiving coilrelative to a transmitting coil. In one example, the wireless transferstation can use the alignment information to determine a direction tomove a transmitting coil and/or a receiving coil to increase or optimizethe energy received at the receiving coil from the transmitting coil. Inone example, when a receiving coil of a device is located left of centerof a transmitting coil of a wireless transfer station, the wirelesstransfer station or the device can determine that to increase the energytransfer to the receiving coil, the receiving coil can be moved to theright and/or the transmitting coil can be moved to the left.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can indicate to a userof a device and/or another wireless transfer station with the a wirelesstransfer coil the direction to move the wireless transfer coil toincrease an alignment and/or energy transfer between a wireless transfercoil of the wireless transfer station and the wireless transfer coil ofthe device or the other wireless transfer station. In one embodiment,the wireless transfer station can determine the direction to move awireless transfer coil by monitoring an energy level received at thewireless transfer coil of the wireless transfer station. In one example,if a receiving coil of a wireless transfer station is moved to the leftand an energy received from a transmitting coil of another wirelesstransfer station decreases, the wireless transfer station can determinethat the receiving coil can be moved to the right relative to thetransmitting coil of the other wireless transfer station to increase thereceived energy.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can determine adirection for a wireless transfer coil to move by monitoring an energyload on one or more wireless transfer coils, such as transmitting coils,of the wireless transfer station. In one example, when a transmittingcoil is moved to the left and an energy load on the transmitting coildecreases, the wireless transfer station can determine that thetransmitting coil can be moved to the right to increase the energyreceived at a receiving coil of another wireless transfer station. Inanother embodiment, a device and/or the other wireless transfer stationcan communicate energy information to the wireless transfer station. Thewireless transfer station can use the energy information to determinethe location of a wireless transfer coil of the wireless transferstation relative to a wireless transfer coil of the other wirelesstransfer station and provide alignment information to the user.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer station can include a display orother sensory indicator for providing alignment directions to a user viaa graphical user interface. In another example, the wireless transferstation can communicate the alignment directions to another device witha display or other sensory indicator for providing the alignmentdirections to the user.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer station can be a wirelesstransfer hub (e.g. energy and/or data transfer) for a plurality ofselected devices and/or other wireless transfer stations. FIG. 17illustrates a wireless transfer hub 1710 transferring energy and/orinformation with an electronic device 1720, such as a medical device,and/or another wireless transfer station 1730 using wireless transfercoils 1740. In one embodiment, the electronic device 1720 and the otherwireless transfer station 1730 can exchange energy and/or informationwith the wireless transfer station 1710 at the same time or at differenttimes. In another embodiment, the electronic device 1720 and the otherwireless transfer station 1730 can transfer energy and/or informationwith the wireless transfer hub 1710 using different wireless transfercoils 1740.

In one example, the wireless transfer hub 1710 coupled to a medical cartcan wirelessly provide selected levels of energy to systems andsubsystems of the medical cart and/or other devices coupled to themedical cart. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer hub 1710 coupledto the medical cart can receive energy and/or data from a wirelesstransfer station and relay the energy and/or data to systems andsubsystems of the medical cart and/or other devices using one or morerepeater coils.

In one embodiment, a medical cart or a device can have an integratedwireless transfer station to provide energy to systems and/or subsystemsof the medical cart or the device when one or more external wirelesstransfer stations (e.g. non-integrated wireless transfer stations) arebeing recharged. In one embodiment, the integrated wireless transferstation can include one or more wireless transfer coils to receiveenergy and/or data from another wireless transfer station. In oneexample, the medical cart or the device can receive energy from the oneor more external wireless transfer stations until an energy level of theone or more external wireless transfer stations is depleted or decreasesbelow a threshold energy level. In this example, when the energy levelof the one or more external wireless transfer stations is depleted ordecreases below a threshold energy level, the medical cart or the devicecan be positioned adjacent a transmitter coil of another wirelesstransfer station and the one or more external wireless transfer stationscan receive energy for recharging. In one embodiment, while the one ormore external wireless transfer stations receive energy for recharging,the integrated wireless transfer station can provide energy to themedical cart or the device.

In one embodiment, the integrated wireless transfer station can receiveenergy from the other wireless transfer station to recharge one or morebatteries of the integrated wireless transfer station. In anotherembodiment, the integrated wireless transfer station can receive energyfrom the one or more external wireless transfer stations to recharge theone or more batteries of the integrated wireless transfer station. Inanother embodiment, when the one or more external wireless transferstations receive energy from another wireless transfer station, the oneor more external wireless transfer stations can provide partial or fullenergy to the medical cart or the device.

In one embodiment, when the energy level of the one or more externalwireless transfer stations is depleted or decreases below a thresholdenergy level, the one or more external wireless transfer stations can beremoved from the medical cart or the device and placed adjacent atransmitter coil of another wireless transfer station to receive energyto recharge the external wireless transfer station. In one embodiment,while the one or more external wireless transfer stations are removedfor recharging and/or until one or more other external wireless transferstations are attached to the medical cart or the device, the integratedwireless transfer station can provide energy to one or more system orsubsystem of the medical cart or the device. In one embodiment, when themedical cart or the device is placed adjacent to a transmitter coil of awireless transfer station, the integrated wireless transfer station canreceive energy from the wireless transfer station to recharge theintegrated wireless transfer station.

In one embodiment, the medical cart or a device can include a wirelesstransfer coil to transfer energy and/or data with another wirelesstransfer station. In one example, the medical cart or a device can usethe wireless transfer coil to receive energy and provide energy directlyto one or more systems and/or subsystems of the medical cart or thedevice and/or provide energy to an energy source, such as a battery, ofthe medical cart or the device. In one example, the medical cart or thedevice with the wireless transfer coil can be placed near a transmittercoil of a wireless transfer station and the wireless transfer coil canrelay energy to one or more systems and/or subsystems of the medicalcart or the device.

FIG. 18 shows a wireless transfer station A in communication withwireless transfer station B to determine when to transfer wirelessenergy and/or data between wireless transfer station A and wirelesstransfer station B. In one embodiment, wireless transfer station A cansend a transfer request message to a wireless transfer station B, as inblock 1810. In one embodiment, the transfer request message can includea frequency capability of the wireless transfer station A. The transferrequest message can also include additional information, such as thevoltage and current level at which the energy is desired to betransferred, a charge level of a battery, and an amount of time until abattery is full and the energy is to be turned off. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station B can send a transfer approvalmessage with a frequency for transferring energy and/or data to thewireless transfer station A, as in block 1820. In the transfer approvalmessage, the wireless transfer station B can send an acknowledgment ofthe messages received, and actions to be taken, such as changing thefrequency, voltage, or current. In another embodiment, the wirelesstransfer station A and the wireless transfer station B can transferenergy and/or data between wireless transfer station A and wirelesstransfer station B using the frequency, voltage, current, and timeindicated in the transfer approval message, as in block 1830.

FIG. 19 shows a wireless transfer station A in communication with aplurality of wireless transfer stations (e.g. wireless transfer stationB, wireless transfer station C, and wireless transfer station D) todetermine when to transfer wireless energy and/or data between wirelesstransfer station A and one or more of the plurality of wireless transferstations. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station A canbroadcast or unicast to the wireless transfer station B, the wirelesstransfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D a frequencymessage that includes one or more frequencies to the wireless transferstation B, the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wireless transferstation D to use to receive energy and/or data, as in block 1910. In oneembodiment, when the wireless transfer station B, the wireless transferstation C, and/or the wireless transfer station D receive the frequencymessage, each of the wireless transfer stations B, C, and/or D canadjust a frequency of a wireless transfer coil coupled each of thewireless transfer stations B, C, and/or D for transferring energy and/ordata, as in blocks 1920, 1930, and 1940. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer stations A, B, C, and/or D can dynamically adjust thefrequency for transferring energy and/or data using an active crystalarray to produce different frequency signals. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station A and the wireless transfer station B, thewireless transfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D cantransfer energy and/or data between the wireless transfer station A andthe wireless transfer station B, the wireless transfer station C, and/orthe wireless transfer station D using the one or more frequencies in thefrequency message, as in block 1950.

FIG. 20 shows a wireless transfer station 2010 that can include: awireless transfer coil 2020, a power management module 2030, and aninterference-detecting module 2040. In one embodiment, theinterference-detecting module 2040 can determine that the wirelesstransfer station 2010 is causing interference with a communicationsdevice. In another embodiment, the interference-detecting module 2040can determine when the device or an object is interfering with awireless transfer of energy or data between the wireless transferstation 2010 and another wireless transfer station or device. In oneexample, when the interference detecting module 2040 detectsinterference with the transfer of energy or data, the wireless transferstation 2010 can increase or decrease an energy and/or data transmissionlevel of the wireless transfer station 2010, increase or decrease anenergy transfer coverage scope of the wireless transfer station 2010,redirect transmitted energy to another location, switch to using one ormore other wireless transfer coils for energy and/or data transfers,temporarily stop transferring energy and/or data, communicate or displayan interference indicator to a user, and so forth.

In one example, a first wireless transfer station can transfer energyand/or data on a plurality of frequencies at the same time. In thisexample, when a second wireless transfer station detects interferenceusing an interference-detecting module 2040 on a frequency for receivingwireless energy from the first wireless transfer station, the secondwireless transfer station can switch to another frequency with adecreased amount of interference. In another embodiment, the firstwireless transfer station and/or the second wireless transfer stationcan determine an amount of interference at one or more frequencies bycomparing an actual amount of energy received at the second wirelesstransfer station for a selected frequency with an estimated amount ofenergy and/or data to be received at the second wireless transferstation for the selected frequency.

FIG. 21 illustrates that a wireless transfer station A can restrict orlimit access of one or more other wireless transfer stations (such aswireless transfer station B, wireless transfer station C, and wirelesstransfer station D) to transfer wireless energy and/or data fromwireless transfer station A. In one embodiment, the wireless transferstation A can receive a wireless transfer request from the wirelesstransfer station B, the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wirelesstransfer station D, as in block 2110. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station A can authenticate the wireless transferrequests from the wireless transfer station B, the wireless transferstation C, and/or the wireless transfer station D, as in block 2120. Inanother embodiment, when the wireless transfer request is authenticated,the wireless transfer station A can communicate a wireless transferapproval message to the wireless transfer station B, the wirelesstransfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D, as in block2130. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer approval message caninclude a frequency for the wireless transfer station B, the wirelesstransfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D to transferwireless energy and/or data with the wireless transfer station A. Inanother embodiment, the wireless transfer station A and the wirelesstransfer station B, the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wirelesstransfer station D can transfer energy and/or data between the wirelesstransfer station A and the wireless transfer station B, the wirelesstransfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D, as in block2140.

FIG. 22 illustrates that a wireless transfer station A can delay accessof one or more other wireless transfer stations (such as wirelesstransfer station B, wireless transfer station C, and wireless transferstation D) to transfer wireless energy and/or data with wirelesstransfer station A. In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station Acan receive a wireless transfer request from the wireless transferstation B, the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wireless transferstation D, as in block 2210. In another embodiment, the wirelesstransfer station A can authenticate the wireless transfer requests fromthe wireless transfer station B, the wireless transfer station C, and/orthe wireless transfer station D, as in block 2220. In anotherembodiment, when the wireless transfer request is authenticated bywireless transfer station A, the wireless transfer station A candetermine an energy level of the wireless transfer station B, thewireless transfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D, asin block 2230.

When the energy level of the wireless transfer station B, the wirelesstransfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D is above aselected threshold value and/or the energy level of the device is abovea selected threshold value, the wireless transfer station can send thewireless transfer station B, the wireless transfer station C, and/or thewireless transfer station D a wireless transfer delay message, as inblock 2240. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer delay messagecan include a waiting time period for the wireless transfer station B,the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station Dto wait before sending a wireless transfer request. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer delay message can include a waitingtime period before the wireless transfer station B, the wirelesstransfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D can receivewireless energy and/or data from the wireless transfer station A. Inanother embodiment, when the wireless transfer station B, the wirelesstransfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station D receives thewireless energy transfer delay message, the wireless transfer station B,the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station Dcan wait for the waiting time period and then send another wirelesstransfer request (as in block 2250) or receive wireless energy and/ordata (as in block 2260).

FIG. 23 illustrates that a wireless transfer station A can controlaccess of one or more other wireless transfer stations (such as wirelesstransfer station B, wireless transfer station C, and wireless transferstation D) to transfer wireless energy and/or data with wirelesstransfer station A based on a priority level of the one or more otherwireless transfer stations. In one embodiment, the wireless transferstation A can receive a wireless transfer request from the wirelesstransfer station B, the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wirelesstransfer station D, as in block 2310. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station A can authenticate the wireless transferrequests from the wireless transfer station B, the wireless transferstation C, and/or the wireless transfer station D, as in block 2320. Inone embodiment, when the wireless energy transfer request isauthenticated, the wireless transfer station A can check a prioritylevel of the wireless transfer station B, the wireless transfer stationC, and/or the wireless transfer station D, as in block 2330. When apriority level of the wireless transfer station B, the wireless transferstation C, and/or the wireless transfer station D is below a selectedthreshold value, the wireless transfer station A can send the wirelesstransfer station B, the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wirelesstransfer station D a wireless transfer rejection message, as in block2340. In another embodiment, when the wireless transfer station Arejects a wireless transfer request, the wireless transfer station B,the wireless transfer station C, and/or the wireless transfer station Dcan be restricted or prohibited from receiving energy and/or data fromwireless transfer station A, as in block 2350. In another embodiment,the wireless transfer rejection message can include a waiting timeperiod for the device to wait before sending another wireless energytransfer request, as in block 2360. In another embodiment, when thewireless transfer request is not authenticated, the wireless transferstation can reject the wireless energy transfer request.

FIG. 24 uses a flow chart 2400 to illustrate the functionality of oneembodiment of the computer circuitry with a wireless transfer stationoperable to determine when an unauthorized device may be receivingenergy from the wireless transfer station. The functionality may beimplemented as a method or the functionality may be executed asinstructions on a machine, where the instructions are included on atleast one computer readable medium or one non-transitory machinereadable storage medium. In one embodiment, the computer circuitry canbe configured to select a frequency to transfer energy and/or data withone or more authorized wireless transfer stations, as in block 2410. Inone embodiment, the computer circuitry can be configured to transferenergy to one or more authorized wireless transfer stations and/or oneor more devices, as in block 2420. In another embodiment, the computercircuitry can be configured to determine when an unauthorized device maybe receiving energy from the wireless transfer station, as in block2430. In one example, the wireless transfer station may determine whenan unauthorized device may be receiving energy from the wirelesstransfer station by comparing an amount energy received by authorizeddevices with the amount of energy transmitted by the wireless transferstation. In this example, when the difference between the amount ofenergy received by authorized devices and the amount of energytransmitted by the wireless transfer station exceeds a selectedthreshold, one or more unauthorized devices may be receiving energy fromthe wireless transfer station.

In one embodiment, when the wireless transfer station detects one ormore unauthorized devices receiving energy from the wireless transferstation, the wireless transfer station can switch a present frequencyused to transfer the energy to a different frequency, as in block 2440.In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station and the one or moreauthorized wireless transfer stations can have a predetermined resonantfrequency list to determine the next frequency that the wirelesstransfer station can use to transfer energy and/or data with the one ormore authorized wireless transfer stations. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station can iterate through the predetermined resonantfrequency list sequentially to transfer energy and/or data with the oneor more authorized wireless transfer stations. In another embodiment,the wireless transfer station can iterate through the predeterminedresonant frequency list using a predetermined pattern or algorithm. Inanother embodiment, when the wireless transfer station switches thefrequency, the wireless transfer station can communicate to the one ormore authorized wireless transfer stations and/or devices a newfrequency to use to transfer wireless energy and/or data, as in block2450.

In one embodiment, when the wireless transfer station detects one ormore unauthorized devices receiving energy from the wireless transferstation, the wireless transfer station can deactivate one or morewireless transfer coils. In one example, when the wireless transferstation detects one or more unauthorized devices receiving energy fromthe wireless transfer station the wireless transfer station cansequentially deactivate wireless transfer coils to determine whichwireless transfer coil the unauthorized device is receiving energy from.In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station, the other wirelesstransfer stations, and/or the authorized devices can tolerate a widerrange of frequency variations for transferring wireless energy.

FIG. 25 uses a flow chart 2500 to illustrate the functionality of oneembodiment of the computer circuitry with a wireless transfer stationoperable to determine when one or more other wireless transfer stationsand/or one or more devices is authorized to transfer energy and/or datawith the wireless transfer station. The functionality may be implementedas a method or the functionality may be executed as instructions on amachine, where the instructions are included on at least one computerreadable medium or one non-transitory machine readable storage medium.In one embodiment, the computer circuitry can be configured to receiveID information or security information from the one or more otherwireless transfer stations and/or the one or more devices, as in block2510. In another embodiment, the computer circuitry can be configured touse the ID information or security information to determine if the oneor more other wireless transfer stations and/or the one or more devicesare authorized to transfer energy and/or data with the wireless transferstation, as in block 2520. In another embodiment, when the one or moreother wireless transfer stations and/or the one or more devices are notauthorized to receive energy from the wireless transfer station, thecomputer circuitry can be configured to deny or ignore the request toreceive energy and/or data from the one or more other wireless transferstations and/or the one or more devices, as in block 2530. In anotherembodiment, when from the one or more other wireless transfer stationsand/or the one or more devices are authorized to receive energy from thewireless transfer station, the computer circuitry can be configured todetermine a priority of the one or more other wireless transfer stationsand/or the one or more devices to transfer energy and/or data with thewireless transfer station, as in block 2540. In another embodiment, thecomputer circuitry can be configured to transfer energy and/or data withthe one or more other wireless transfer stations and/or the one or moredevices based on the determined priority, as in block 2550.

In one embodiment, when the one or more other wireless transfer stationsand/or the one or more devices are unable to provide securityinformation, the wireless transfer station can deny the request for atransfer of energy and/or data. In another embodiment, when the one ormore other wireless transfer stations and/or the one or more devices areunable to provide security information, the wireless transfer stationcan place the transfer request at the bottom of a transfer queue.

FIG. 26 uses a flow chart 2600 to illustrate the functionality of oneembodiment of the computer circuitry with a wireless transfer stationoperable to communicate data with one or more other wireless transferstations and/or one or more devices using a communications module (asshown in FIG. 4). The functionality may be implemented as a method orthe functionality may be executed as instructions on a machine, wherethe instructions are included on at least one computer readable mediumor one non-transitory machine readable storage medium. In oneembodiment, the computer circuitry can be configured to transferencrypted information communicated between the wireless transfer stationand a selected wireless transfer station, as in block 2610. In anotherembodiment, the computer circuitry can be configured to communicate adecryption key to the selected wireless transfer station, as in block2626. In another embodiment, the selected wireless transfer station canbe configured use the decryption key from the wireless transfer stationto decrypt and access the data transferred from the wireless transferstation and/or to use to initiate or access a transfer of energy withthe wireless transfer station, as in block 2630. In another embodiment,when the selected wireless transfer station is authorized to transferenergy and/or data with the wireless transfer station, the selectedwireless transfer station can use a predetermined authentication key. Inanother embodiment, the selected wireless transfer station can requestthe wireless transfer station send an authentication key for theselected wireless transfer station to use for authentication.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can determine when anauthorized wireless transfer station is in a coverage area of thewireless transfer station before transferring the energy and/or data. Inanother embodiment, the authorized wireless transfer stationtransferring energy and/or information with the wireless transferstation can provide a user with an alert to not remove the authorizedwireless transfer station from a coverage area of the wireless transferstation until an energy transfer and/or a data transfer is completebetween the wireless transfer station and the authorized wirelesstransfer station. In one embodiment, when the wireless transfer stationdetects one or more unauthorized wireless transfer stations receivingwireless energy and/or data, the wireless transfer station can alert athird party of the unauthorized wireless transfer stations.

In another embodiment, another wireless transfer station or a device canhave an authentication dongle coupled to the other wireless transferstation or the device to transfer wireless energy and/or data from thewireless transfer station. In one embodiment, the authentication donglecan include a wireless transfer coil to transfer energy and/or data withthe wireless transfer station. In another embodiment, the wirelesstransfer station can communicate with the authentication dongle toverify the other wireless transfer station or the device is authorizedto transfer energy and/or data with the wireless transfer station.

In one example, when a device requests to receive energy from thewireless transfer station, the wireless transfer station canauthenticate the device using a coupled authentication dongle. In thisexample, when the wireless transfer station authenticates that thedevice has an authorization dongle coupled to the device, the wirelesstransfer station can communicate a frequency to the device for thedevice to use to transfer energy and/or data with the wireless transferstation. In one embodiment, when the wireless transfer station verifiesthat the other wireless transfer station or the device has an attachedauthorization dongle, the wireless transfer station can communicate afrequency to the other wireless transfer station or the device via theauthentication dongle. In another embodiment, the authentication donglecan receive a key from wireless transfer station to activate a wirelesstransfer coil attached to the device or integrated into the device.

FIG. 27 illustrates a wireless transfer station 2710. FIG. 27 furtherillustrates that the wireless transfer station 2710 can include awireless transfer coil 2720, a power management module 2730, and anenergy leak detector 2740. In one embodiment, the energy leak detector2740 can determine when an unauthorized device is absorbing or receivingenergy from a coverage area of the wireless transfer station 2710. Inanother embodiment, the energy leak detector 2740 can detect whenforeign materials and/or unauthorized devices are interfering with anenergy transfer between the wireless transfer station 2710 and anauthorized device or an authorized wireless transfer station. In anotherembodiment, the energy leak detector can determine if there is an energyleak by comparing the expected energy received by the authorized deviceand/or the authorized wireless transfer station with the actual amountof energy transmitted by the wireless transfer station 2710.

FIG. 28 shows a wireless transfer station 2810 configured to communicatewith other wireless transfer stations 2820, 2830, and/or 2840 anddetermine which of the one or more other wireless transfer stations2820, 2830, and/or 2840 is capable and/or available to provide energy toa selected device and/or a selected wireless transfer station. In oneexample, the selected device or the selected wireless transfer stationcan send a wireless transfer request to the wireless transfer station.When the wireless transfer station 2810 is not compatible with theselected device or the wireless transfer station 2810 is not availableto provide energy to the selected device, the wireless transfer station2810 can communicate with the one or more other wireless transferstations 2820, 2830, and/or 2840 to locate an available wirelesstransfer station of the one or more other wireless transfer stations2820, 2830, and/or 2840 for the selected device or the selected wirelesstransfer station to receive wireless energy. When the wireless transferstation 2810 determines that available wireless transfer station canprovide energy to the selected device or the selected wireless transferstation, the wireless transfer station 2810 can provide the selecteddevice or the selected wireless transfer station with transfer stationinformation for the available wireless transfer station.

In one embodiment, the transfer station information can include:directions to one of the other wireless transfer stations 2820, 2830, or2840; authentication information to receive energy from the otherwireless transfer stations 2820, 2830, or 2840; a number of availablewireless transfer coils at the other wireless transfer stations 2820,2830, or 2840; a type of wireless transfer coils available at the otherwireless transfer stations 2820, 2830, or 2840; an energy capabilitiesof the other wireless transfer stations 2820, 2830, or 2840; and soforth. In one embodiment, when more than one of the other wirelesstransfer stations 2820, 2830, or 2840 are available to provide energy tothe selected wireless transfer station or the selected device, theselected wireless transfer station or the selected device can selectwhich one of the one or more other wireless transfer stations 2820,2830, or 2840 to receive energy from based on charging criteria. Thecharging criteria can include: an energy output capability of each ofthe one or more available other wireless transfer stations 2820, 2830,or 2840; a location of each of the one or more available other wirelesstransfer stations 2820, 2830, or 2840; a distance from the selecteddevice or the selected wireless transfer station to each of the one ormore available other wireless transfer stations 2820, 2830, or 2840; anumber of other devices or other wireless transfer stations receivingenergy from each of the one or more available other wireless transferstations 2820, 2830, or 2840, and so forth.

In one example, the wireless transfer station 2810 is not compatiblewith the selected device or the selected wireless transfer station whena wireless transfer coil of the selected device or wireless transfercoils of the selected wireless transfer station are a different shape orsize than a wireless transfer coil of the wireless transfer station2810. In another example, the wireless transfer station 2810 is notcompatible with the selected device or the selected wireless transferstation when a wireless transfer coil of the selected device or awireless transfer coil of the selected wireless transfer stationreceives data and/or wireless energy at a different resonant frequencyrange than a resonant frequency range of a wireless transfer coil of thewireless transfer station 2810.

FIG. 29 shows a wireless transfer station 2910 transferring energyand/or data with one or more wireless transfer stations and/or devices2920, 2930, and 2940 within a selected range 2950. In one embodiment,the wireless transfer station 2910 can adjust the selected range 2950based on selected criteria, such as a number of wireless transferstations and/or devices within a threshold range of the wirelesstransfer station 2910, a number of devices or other wireless transferstations the wireless transfer station 2910 can support transferringenergy and/or data to, and so forth. In one example, the wirelesstransfer station 2910 can transfer energy and/or data with wirelesstransfer stations and/or devices 2920, 2930, and 2940 that are withinthe selected range 2950 and not transfer energy and/or data withwireless transfer station and/or device 2960.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer station can use a plurality ofresonant frequencies to transfer energy to one or more devices or one ormore other wireless transfer stations. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station can provide different amounts of energy todifferent devices or other wireless transfer stations at differentresonant frequencies. In one example, a first wireless transfer stationcan receive wireless energy from a primary wireless transfer station ata first resonant frequency and a second wireless transfer station canreceive wireless energy from the primary wireless transfer station at asecond resonant frequency.

In one embodiment, the primary wireless transfer station can setpriority levels for the different devices or other wireless transferstations receiving wireless energy at different resonant frequencies. Inone example, a first wireless transfer station with a highest prioritycan receive wireless energy from the primary wireless transfer stationat a first selected resonant frequency and a second wireless transferstation with a lower priority can receive wireless energy from theprimary wireless transfer station at a second selected resonantfrequency.

In one embodiment, the primary wireless transfer station may not havethe capability to provide wireless energy to all the devices and/orother wireless transfer stations requesting wireless energy transfer.When the primary wireless transfer station does not have the capabilityto support all of the and/or other wireless transfer stations requestingwireless transfer requesting wireless energy transfer, the primarywireless transfer station can transfer energy to selected devices basedon an energy transfer priority. In one embodiment, the primary wirelesstransfer station can select different resonant frequencies to transferenergy to different devices based on the energy transfer priority of thedevice. In one example, the primary wireless transfer station can becapable of supporting energy transfer for a combination of up to 5devices and/or other wireless transfer stations and 10 devices and otherwireless transfer stations can request wireless energy transfer. In thisexample, the primary wireless transfer station can determine thepriority of the 10 devices and/or other wireless transfer stations andselect 5 devices and/or other wireless transfer stations to transferenergy to. The primary wireless transfer station can select one or moreresonant frequencies to transfer energy to the 5 devices. The remainingdevices can be de-selected (e.g. not selected) for charging by nottuning transmitting coils to frequencies of the remaining devices. Inone embodiment, the remaining devices can be selected and charged afterthe first 5 have been charged.

In one embodiment, a transmission frequency of a wireless transfer coilof a wireless transfer station for transferring wireless energy can bebased on a natural frequency of the wireless transfer station, a device,and/or a wireless transfer coil wireless of another wireless transferstation.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can regulate an amountof energy received by one or more other wireless transfer stations. Inone example, when a first wireless transfer station uses a wirelesstransfer coil to transfer energy, the first wireless transfer stationcan control the amount of energy received at a second wireless transferstation by detuning a frequency of the wireless transfer coil of thefirst wireless transfer station by a selected amount. In anotherexample, the first wireless transfer station can control the amount ofenergy received from the second wireless transfer station by detuning afrequency of the wireless transfer coil of the first wireless transferstation by selected amount.

FIG. 30 shows a wireless transfer coil 3010 with a plurality of loops orwinds 3020. In one embodiment, an amount of energy transmitted and/orreceived by the wireless transfer coil 3010 can be adjusted using one ormore adjustment modules 3030. In one embodiment, the one or moreadjustment modules 3030 can engage or disengage one or more of theplurality of loops 3020 to: effectively vary a size of the wirelesstransfer coil 3010; change a number of active loops of the wirelesstransfer coil 3010; change a shape of a magnetic field of the wirelesstransfer coil 3010; change an amount of energy transferred using thewireless transfer coil 3010; or enable or disable selected devices fromreceiving energy and/or data from the wireless transfer coil 3010.

In one embodiment, the one or more adjustment modules 3030 can be one ormore switches, such as an impedance matching switch or an on/off switch.In one example, a selected number of the plurality of loops 3020 can beengaged by turning on one or more of the corresponding switches and aselected number of the plurality of loops 3020 can be disengaged byturning off one or more of the corresponding switches.

In one embodiment, a resonant frequency between of the wireless transfercoil 3010 can be dynamically adjusted using the one or more adjustmentmodules 3030. In one embodiment, the one or more adjustment modules 3030can be adjustable energy oscillators. In another embodiment, the one ormore adjustment modules 3030 can be variable capacitors, variableinductors, and/or variable inductors and the respective capacitance,resistance, and/or inductance can be changed to tune or detune thewireless transfer coil 3010.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer coil of a first wireless transferstation can have a fixed impedance and/or resonant frequency and animpedance and/or resonant frequency of a second wireless transfer coilof a second wireless transfer station can be adjustable. In anotherembodiment, the impedance and/or resonant frequency of the wirelesstransfer coil of the first wireless transfer station and the impedanceand/or resonant frequency of the wireless transfer coil of the secondwireless transfer station can each be adjustable.

Traditionally, wireless energy or data transfer using wireless transfercoils has been limited because of alignment requirements. Depending on alevel of misalignment between wireless transfer coils, a receiving coilmay only receive a partial amount of energy from a transmitting coil orreceive substantially none of the energy transferred from thetransmitting coil. Additionally, a wireless energy transfer hastraditionally been limited by a distance between the transmitting coiland the receiving coil.

FIG. 31 shows a first wireless transfer coil 3110 emitting a magneticfield 3130 and a second wireless transfer coil 3120 that is partiallyaligned or partially coupled with the magnetic field 3130 of the firstwireless transfer coil 3110. In one example, the first wireless transfercoil 3110 can be configured to emit the magnetic field 3130 with aselected field range. In this example, when the second wireless transfercoil 3120 is only partially located within the magnetic field 3130, thesecond wireless transfer coil 3120 may only be partially aligned orpartially coupled. In one embodiment, when the second wireless transfercoil 3120 is only partially aligned or partially coupled, the secondwireless transfer coil 3120 may receive a partial data and/or energytransfer or substantially no data and/or energy transfer.

In one embodiment, an efficiency of a transfer of energy between a firstwireless transfer station and a second wireless transfer station usingmagnetic inductive coupling or magnetic resonant coupling is inverselyproportional to a spatial separation between a transmitting coil of thefirst wireless transfer station and a receiving coil of the secondwireless transfer station. As previously discussed, placing the wirelesstransfer stations within the near field distance limits cansubstantially increase the efficiency of the energy transfer.

Returning to FIG. 30, in one embodiment, the wireless transfer stationcan use a combination of techniques to adjust: a size, a shape, and/or acoverage range of a magnetic field of the wireless transfer coil 3010; acoupling distance between a transmitting coil and a receiving coil;and/or a range of alignment positions of the receiving coil relative tothe transmitting coil. In one example, the wireless transfer station caninclude an array of multiple wireless transfer coils and/or Ferritematerial, as discussed in the proceeding paragraphs. In one embodiment,the Ferrite material can be used to adjust a size, a shape, and/or acoverage range of a magnetic field of one or more wireless transfercoils 3010. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station canchange an amount of energy provided to one or more wireless transfercoils in a wireless transfer coil array by adjusting a size, a shape,and/or a coverage range of the magnetic field.

In one embodiment, to adjust a threshold coupling distance between atransmitting coil of a first wireless transfer station and a receivingcoil of a second wireless transfer station, a size of the transmittingcoil of the first wireless transfer station can be adjusted and/or asize of the receiving coil of the second wireless transfer station canbe adjusted. In another embodiment, to adjust a range of alignmentpositions, angles, and/or locations of the receiving coil relative tothe transmitting coil, the size or the shape of the transmitting coiland/or the receiving coil can be adjusted.

In one embodiment, one or more adjustment modules 3030 can adjust a sizeor a shape of a wireless transfer coil 3010, such as the transmittingcoil and/or the receiving coil. In one example, a selected number of theplurality of loops 3020 can be engaged or disengaged by using the one ormore adjustment modules 3030 to adjust the size and/or shape of thewireless transfer coil 3030. In one embodiment, a size of a magneticfield can correspond to a size of the wireless transfer coil 3030. Inone example, as the size of the wireless transfer coil 3010 increasesthe size of the magnetic field also increases, and vice versa. In oneembodiment, one or more adjustment modules 3030 can adjust atransmitting coil size to create a selected magnetic field size.

In one embodiment, a resonant frequency between one or more wirelesstransfer coils 3010 can be dynamically adjusted using the one or moreadjustment modules 3030. In another embodiment, the size and/or shape ofthe magnetic field can be adjusted by changing an orientation of thetransmitting coil. In another embodiment, the size and/or shape of themagnetic field can be adjusted using Ferrite material. In oneembodiment, the one or more adjustment modules 3030 of a wirelesstransfer station can dynamically adjust a size and/or a shape of amagnetic field (such as an electromagnetic field) of one or morewireless transfer coils 3010 based on a location where the wirelesstransfer station is used or an environment where the wireless transferstation is used.

In one embodiment, the size and/or shape of the magnetic field of awireless transfer station can be adjusted using a phased array ofmultiple wireless transfer coils. In one example, the phased array ofthe multiple wireless transfer coils can be a plurality of transmittingcoils configured for resonant coupling arranged in a form of an array,e.g. a transmitter resonant phased array. In another embodiment, each ofthe wireless transfer coils 3010 in the phased array can be associatedwith one or more adjustment modules 3030, such as selected capacitors. Aselected wireless transfer coil 3010 and an associated one or moreadjustment modules 3030 can form a tuned circuit that can be tuned to aselected frequency or frequency range. In another embodiment, each ofthe plurality of wireless transfer coil 3010 can be adjusted to transmitenergy at different frequency levels and/or energy levels.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer station can use a plurality ofresonant frequencies to transfer energy to one or more devices or one ormore other wireless transfer stations. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station can provide different amounts of energy todifferent devices or other wireless transfer stations at differentresonant frequencies. In one example, a first wireless transfer stationcan receive wireless energy from a primary wireless transfer station ata first resonant frequency and a second wireless transfer station canreceive wireless energy from the primary wireless transfer station at asecond resonant frequency.

In one embodiment, the primary wireless transfer station can setpriority levels for the different devices or other wireless transferstations receiving wireless energy at different resonant frequencies. Inone example, a first wireless transfer station with a highest prioritycan receive wireless energy from the primary wireless transfer stationat a first selected resonant frequency and a second wireless transferstation with a lower priority can receive wireless energy from theprimary wireless transfer station at a second selected resonantfrequency.

In one embodiment, the primary wireless transfer station may not havethe capability to provide wireless energy to all the devices and/orother wireless transfer stations requesting wireless energy transfer.When the primary wireless transfer station does not have the capabilityto support all of the and/or other wireless transfer stations requestingwireless transfer requesting wireless energy transfer, the primarywireless transfer station can transfer energy to selected devices basedon an energy transfer priority. In one embodiment, the primary wirelesstransfer station can select different resonant frequencies to transferenergy to different devices based on the energy transfer priority of thedevice. In one example, the primary wireless transfer station can becapable of supporting energy transfer for a combination of up to 5devices and/or other wireless transfer stations and 10 devices and otherwireless transfer stations can request wireless energy transfer. In thisexample, the primary wireless transfer station can determine thepriority of the 10 devices and/or other wireless transfer stations andselect 5 devices and/or other wireless transfer stations to transferenergy to. The primary wireless transfer station can select one or moreresonant frequencies to transfer energy to the 5 devices. The remainingdevices can be de-selected (e.g. not selected) for charging by nottuning transmitting coils to frequencies of the remaining devices. Inone embodiment, the remaining devices can be selected and charged afterthe first 5 have been charged.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can assign differentpriority levels to different devices or other wireless transferstations. The wireless transfer station can determine the amount ofenergy that the wireless transfer station has available to transfer toone or more devices and/or the one or more other wireless transferstations and prioritize the one or more devices and/or the one or moreother wireless transfer stations that can receive energy and/or theamount of energy that the one or more devices and/or the one or moreother wireless transfer stations can receive.

In one embodiment, a selected number of devices and/or a selected numberof other wireless transfer stations can each request to receive energyfrom the wireless transfer station and/or to continue to receive energyfrom the wireless transfer station. The wireless transfer station canprioritize the devices and the other wireless transfer stations based onselected priority criteria. In one embodiment, the selected prioritycriteria can include: a type of device or wireless transfer station, apresent energy level of the device or the other wireless transferstation, a present energy level of the wireless transfer station, anumber of devices or other wireless transfer stations that arerequesting energy from the wireless transfer station, and so forth.

In one embodiment, when a plurality of devices and/or other wirelesstransfer stations request to receive energy from the wireless transferstation, the wireless transfer station can determine a present energylevel of one or more of the devices and/or the other wireless transferstations and populate a priority list based on the present energy levelof the one or more of the devices and/or the other wireless transferstations. In one example, a device or another wireless transfer stationwith the lowest present energy level can be placed at the top of thepriority list. The device or other wireless transfer station with thesecond lowest present energy level can be placed second from the top ofthe priority list, and so forth.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can communicate to theone or more devices and/or the one or more other wireless transferstations: a frequency that each device and/or other wireless transferstation can receive energy, an amount of energy each device and/or theother wireless transfer station can receive, a period of time that thedevice and/or the wireless transfer station can receive the wirelessenergy, a voltage level, a current level, and so forth. In oneembodiment, the wireless transfer station can coordinate transferringenergy to different devices and/or other wireless transfer stations atdifferent times. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer stationcan determine the amount of energy the wireless transfer stationtransfers to each device and/or other wireless transfer station. In oneembodiment, the wireless transfer station can dynamically adjust thefrequency that the energy and/or data is transferred on and/or theamount of energy transferred to each device or other wireless transferstation.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can assign differentfrequencies to the one or more devices and/or the one or more otherwireless transfer stations to enable the wireless transfer station todifferentiate the amount of energy each device or other wirelesstransfer station is receiving, e.g. enabling unique usage metering foreach device or other wireless transfer station.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can adjust an amount ofenergy and/or number of wireless transfer coils transferring energybased on a number of devices and/or other wireless transfer stationsrequesting energy and/or receiving energy. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station can alternate providing energy to one or moredevices and/or other wireless transfer stations. In one example, thewireless transfer station can receive requests from multiple devices andother wireless transfer stations for an energy transfer. When thewireless transfer station does not have the capability to provide energyto all of the devices and the other wireless transfer stationsrequesting energy simultaneously, the wireless transfer station canprovide energy to selected devices and/or other wireless transferstations for a selected period of time and then switch to providingenergy to different selected devices and other wireless transferstations for a selected period of time. One advantage of alternatingproviding energy to different devices and other wireless transferstations can be to enable the wireless transfer station to provideenergy to multiple devices and/or other wireless transfer stations whileconserving energy. For example, if the wireless transfer station has 25percent energy remaining and a plurality of the devices and the otherwireless transfer stations are requesting to receive energy, thewireless transfer station can alternate providing energy to the devicesand the other wireless transfer stations to enable the devices and theother wireless transfer stations to avoid becoming completely drained ofenergy, while conserving energy of the wireless transfer station untilthe wireless transfer station can be recharged.

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer station can operate in differentmodes, such as a sleep mode, a charging mode, a fully charged mode, aready for use mode, an error mode, a shut off mode, and so forth. In oneexample, when the wireless transfer station is fully charged or chargedabove a selected threshold the wireless transfer station can enter afully charged mode or a ready for use mode. In another example, when thewireless transfer station has not been in use for a selected period oftime, the wireless transfer station can stop transferring energy to oneor more devices and enter a sleep mode. One advantage of shutting off orentering a sleep mode after a selected period of time can be to preventthe wireless transfer station from leaking energy when a device has beenfully charged by the wireless transfer station and/or the device is nolonger in use. In another embodiment, when the wireless transfer stationhas been coupled with a device or other wireless transfer station, thewireless transfer station can enter an active mode, e.g. a mode totransfer energy to one or more devices or other wireless transferstations in the coverage area of the battery pack. In anotherembodiment, a wireless transfer station display can display a mode thatthe wireless transfer station is operating in.

FIG. 32 a depicts a wireless transfer station 3210 that includes a nearfield communications module 3220. In one embodiment, a wireless transferstation 3210 and another device must be in close proximity tocommunicate data or information using the near field communicationsmodule 3220. In one example, the wireless transfer station 3210 can beintegrated into a medical cart. In this example, when a caregiverdesires to charge a device or communicate information with the wirelesstransfer station 3210, the caregiver can place the device adjacent tothe wireless transfer station 3210, such as on top of a work platform ofa medical cart. When the device is placed adjacent to the work platform,the wireless transfer station 3210 can verify an authentication level ofthe device using a near field communications module 3220. When thewireless transfer station 3210 determines that the device is anauthorized device, the wireless transfer station can determine if thedevice is requesting an energy transfer and/or a data transfer. When thedevice is requesting a data transfer, the wireless transfer station 3210can use the near field communications module 3220 to communicate thedata. In one embodiment, the near field communications module 3220 canbe couple to a wireless transfer coil 3230 and the near fieldcommunications module 3220 can use the wireless transfer coil 3230 totransfer energy and/or data with another wireless transfer stationand/or device.

One advantage of using the near field communications module 3220 tocommunicate data can be an increase in data transfer security. In oneexample, when a device communicates data with the wireless transferstation 3210 using the near field communications module 3220, the devicemust be adjacent to the wireless transfer station 3210 or within aselected distance of the wireless transfer station 3210. In thisexample, where the device must be adjacent to the wireless transferstation 3210 to use the near field communications module 3220, when thewireless transfer station 3210 authenticates the device and communicatesinformation with the device, it is more difficult for an unauthorizedindividual or device to gain access to the wireless transfer station3210 using the near field communications module 3220 remotely (e.g.outside the selected distance of the wireless transfer station 3210).

In one embodiment, a wireless transfer station can receiveidentification information or security information from a device oranother wireless transfer station requesting a wireless energy transfer.In another embodiment, the security information can include a pin code,a biometric authentication, and so forth. In another embodiment, theidentification information can include a user identity (ID), a deviceID, and/or a station ID.

In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station can use theidentification information or security information to determine if therequesting device or the requesting other wireless transfer station isauthorized to receive energy from the wireless transfer station. Inanother embodiment, when the device of the other wireless transferstation is not authorized to receive energy from the wireless transferstation, the wireless transfer station can deny or ignore the request toreceive energy. In another embodiment, when the device of the otherwireless transfer station is authorized to receive energy from thewireless transfer station, the wireless transfer station can thendetermine a priority that the requesting device or the other requestingwireless transfer station can receive energy relative to other devicesand/or additional wireless transfer station.

In one embodiment, when the device or the other wireless transferstation is unable to provide security information and/or the wirelesstransfer station does not receive the security information, the wirelesstransfer station can deny the request to provide the wireless energytransfer. In another embodiment, when the device or the other wirelesstransfer station is unable to provide security information, the wirelesstransfer station can place the request to provide energy at the bottomof an energy-receiving queue.

FIG. 32 b shows a wireless transfer station 2810 with devices 2820 and2830 abutting a surface of the wireless transfer station 2810 with oneor more wireless transfer coils for transferring energy and/or data. Inone embodiment, the wireless transfer station 2810 can transfer energyand/or data with authorized device 2820 and/or unauthorized device 2830and/or other wireless transfer stations. In one embodiment, only anauthorized wireless transfer station and/or authorized device 2820 cantransfer energy and/or data with the wireless transfer station 2810. Inanother embodiment, an unauthorized wireless transfer station and/or anunauthorized device 2830 can transfer energy and/or data with thewireless transfer station. In one example, when the wireless transferstation 2810 is integrated into a work surface of a wheeled medicalcart, a doctor may place an unauthorized device 2830 (such as a personalcellphone) on the work surface of wheeled medical cart to receive energyand/or data. In one embodiment, when the unauthorized device 2830 isplaced within a coverage range of the wireless transfer station 2810,the wireless transfer station 2810 can provide temporary access to theunauthorized device 2830. In one example, the unauthorized device 2830can have a wireless transfer computer application on the unauthorizeddevice 2830 to verify an identity of a user of the unauthorized device2830 and a wireless transfer computer application can provide temporaryaccess information to the wireless transfer station 2810. In thisexample, when the wireless transfer station 2810 receives the temporaryaccess information, the wireless transfer station 2810 can transferenergy and/or data with the unauthorized device 2830.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer computer application canprovide a graphical interface for the user of the unauthorized device2830 to input security information, such as a pin code or biometricauthentication. In another embodiment, when the wireless energy computerapplication verifies input security information, the wireless energycomputer application can communicate the temporary authorization to thewireless transfer station 2810. In another embodiment, when thetemporary authorization is granted, the wireless transfer station 2810can communicate connection information to the temporarily authorizeddevice 2830, such as a decryption code to transfer data with thewireless transfer station 2810 or a frequency to transfer energy withthe wireless transfer station 2810. In another embodiment, the temporaryauthorization can be for a selected period of time. In one example, whenthe wireless transfer station is part of a wheeled medical cart, adoctor may desire to use his smartphone (an unauthorized device 2830) totransfer data and/or energy with the wireless transfer station 2810during the doctor's shift. When the smartphone is temporarilyauthorized, the smartphone can transfer energy and/or data with thewireless transfer station 2810 while the doctor is on duty for work,such as for a selected number of minutes or hours, and so forth.

In one embodiment, the temporary authorization can be valid while thetemporarily authorized device 2830 is within the coverage range of thewireless transfer station 2810. In one example, when the wirelesstransfer station 2810 is part of a wheeled medical cart, a doctor mayuse his smartphone (an unauthorized device 2830) to transfer data and/orenergy with the wireless transfer station 2810 while the doctor isadjacent to the wheeled medical cart. In another embodiment, when thetemporarily authorized device 2830 leaves the coverage area of thewireless transfer station 2810, the temporary authorization can end. Inanother embodiment, when the temporarily authorized device 2830 returnsto the wireless transfer station coverage area, to transfer data orenergy again, the user ID of the temporarily authorized device 2830 canbe verified again. In another embodiment, the temporarily authorizeddevice 2830 can leave the coverage area for a selected period of timeand re-enter the coverage area while maintaining the temporaryauthorization. In one example, a doctor can be using his smartphone totransfer data and/or energy with the wireless transfer station and thenreceive a phone call on his smartphone. In this example, the doctor canremove the smartphone from the coverage area to take the phone call andthen replace the smartphone in the coverage area while maintaining thetemporary authorization.

In one embodiment, when the wireless transfer station determines thatone or more devices and/or one or more other wireless transfer stationsare authorized to transfer energy and/or data with the wireless transferstation, the wireless transfer station can direct or steer the wirelessenergy and/or data to enable the authorized one or more devices and/orthe authorized one or more other wireless transfer stations to receiveenergy while avoiding providing energy to unauthorized devices and/orother unauthorized wireless transfer stations. In one embodiment, thewireless transfer station can direct or steer the transmitted wirelessenergy by increasing or decreasing an amount of energy that istransmitted from a wireless transfer coil. In another embodiment, thewireless transfer station can direct or steer the transmitted wirelessenergy using beamforming. In another embodiment, the wireless transferstation can narrow or expand the coverage scope of wirelesslytransmitted energy or data by varying a wireless transfer coil (asdiscussed in the preceding paragraphs).

FIG. 33 uses a flow chart 3300 to illustrate the functionality of oneembodiment of the computer circuitry with a wireless transfer stationoperable to authenticate a wireless transfer. The functionality may beimplemented as a method or the functionality may be executed asinstructions on a machine, where the instructions are included on atleast one computer readable medium or one non-transitory machinereadable storage medium. In one embodiment, the wireless transferstation can be configured to receive, from another wireless transferstation, a wireless transfer station identification (ID) message, as inblock 3310. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station can befurther configured to authenticate the wireless transfer station IDmessage to determine a permission level of the other wireless transferstation, as in block 3320. In another embodiment, the wireless transferstation can be further configured to provide wireless energy or data tothe other wireless transfer station based on the permission level of theother wireless transfer station using a wireless transfer coil of thewireless transfer station, as in block 3330.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can be furtherconfigured to: determine a selected energy charge rate or a selectedenergy charge amount of the other wireless transfer station based on thewireless transfer station ID message; and provide energy to the otherwireless transfer station at the selected energy charge rate; or provideenergy to the other wireless transfer station to the selected energycharge amount. In another embodiment, the energy charge rate for theother wireless transfer station can be based on a voltage range or acurrent range for the other wireless transfer station to receive energy.In another embodiment, the energy charge rate for the other wirelesstransfer station can be based on the energy charge amount is a maximumcapacity level amount of energy the other wireless transfer station isconfigured to receive. In another embodiment, the wireless transferstation can be further configured to: determine when one or morewireless transfer coils are available to provide energy or data to theother wireless transfer station; and provide energy or data to one ormore wireless transfer stations using at least one of the one or moreavailable wireless transfer coils. In another embodiment, the wirelesstransfer station can be further configured to: receive a transferrequest from the other wireless transfer station and send a transferapproval message when the wireless transfer station authenticates thewireless transfer station ID message of the other wireless transferstation.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can be furtherconfigured to: receive transfer requests from a plurality of otherwireless transfer stations; receive wireless transfer stationidentification (ID) messages for each of the plurality of other wirelesstransfer stations; and generate a priority list of a priority level ofeach of the plurality of other wireless transfer stations to receiveenergy or data from the wireless transfer station based on the wirelesstransfer station ID messages of each of the plurality of other wirelesstransfer stations. In another embodiment, the priority list can be basedon: a type of device that the other wireless transfer station isattached to that is requesting the wireless transfer; a remaining energylevel of the wireless transfer station; or a charging priority valueassigned to each other wireless transfer station requesting the wirelesstransfer. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station can befurther configured to dynamically adjust the priority level of one ormore of the other wireless transfer stations.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can be furtherconfigured to determine when the wireless transfer station ID message ofa selected one of the plurality of other wireless transfer stations isinvalid and prioritize the selected other wireless transfer stationbelow a plurality of authenticated wireless transfer stations forreceiving a wireless transfer of energy or data. In another embodiment,the wireless transfer station can be further configured to determinewhen a wireless transfer station ID message for the other wirelesstransfer station is invalid based on the authentication of the wirelesstransfer station ID message and create a temporary wireless transferstation ID for the other wireless transfer station. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station can be further configured todetermine when a wireless transfer station ID message for the otherwireless transfer station is invalid based on the authentication of thewireless transfer station ID message and send a transfer denial messageto the other wireless transfer station.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can be furtherconfigured to determine when an unauthenticated wireless transferstation is receiving wireless energy or data from the wireless transferstation and alert a user of the wireless transfer station or a thirdparty that the unauthenticated wireless transfer station is receivingwireless energy or data from the wireless transfer station. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station can be further configured to:determine when an unauthenticated wireless transfer station is receivingwireless energy or data from the wireless transfer station; and adjust afrequency of one or more wireless transfer coils of the wirelesstransfer station at which the unauthenticated wireless transfer stationis receiving energy or data; or turn off one or more wireless transfercoils that the unauthenticated wireless transfer station is receivingenergy or data from. In another embodiment, the wireless transferstation can be further configured to determine that the other wirelesstransfer station is compatible to receive energy or data from thewireless transfer station using a wireless request message received fromthe other wireless transfer station.

FIG. 34 uses a flow chart 3400 to illustrate the functionality of oneembodiment of the computer circuitry with a wireless transfer stationoperable to receive wireless energy. The functionality may beimplemented as a method or the functionality may be executed asinstructions on a machine, where the instructions are included on atleast one computer readable medium or one non-transitory machinereadable storage medium. In one embodiment, the wireless transferstation can be configured communicate, to another wireless transferstation, a wireless energy transfer request, as in block 3410. Inanother embodiment, the wireless transfer station can be furtherconfigured to communicate, to the other wireless transfer station, awireless transfer station identification (ID) message for authenticationto receive wireless energy from the other wireless transfer station, asin block 3420. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station canbe further configured to receive, from the other wireless transferstation, a wireless energy transfer approval message upon authenticationof the wireless transfer station ID message by the other wirelesstransfer station, as in block 3430.

In one embodiment, the wireless transfer station can be furtherconfigured to receive energy, at a wireless transfer coil of thewireless transfer station from a wireless transfer coil of the otherwireless transfer station. In another embodiment, the wireless transferstation can be further configured to determine that the wirelesstransfer station is compatible to receive energy from the other wirelesscharging using the wireless energy transfer approval message. In anotherembodiment, the wireless transfer station can be further configured totransfer wireless energy with the other wireless transfer station on anenergy channel and communicate data between the wireless transferstation and the other wireless transfer station using a communicationschannel. In another embodiment, the wireless transfer station can befurther configured to communicate, to the other wireless transferstation, authentication information on a first frequency channel andtransfer wireless energy with the other wireless transfer station on asecond frequency channel.

Another example provides functionality 3500 of product including anon-transitory storage medium having stored thereon instructions thatare adapted to be executed to implement a method of wirelesslytransferring energy or data, as shown in the flow chart in FIG. 35. Theinstructions of the product can be implemented as a method or asinstructions on a machine, where the instructions are included on atleast one computer readable medium or one non-transitory machinereadable storage medium. The method can comprise receiving, from one ormore wireless transfer station, wireless transfer station identification(ID) messages, as in block 3510. The method can further compriseauthenticating the wireless transfer station ID messages to determine apermission level of at least one of the one or more wireless transferstations, as in block 3520. The method can further comprise providingwireless energy or data to the one or more wireless transfer stationsbased on the permission level of the one or more wireless transferstations using one or more wireless transfer coils of the product, as inblock 3530.

In one embodiment, the method can further comprise receiving a transferrequest from a selected wireless transfer station of the one or morewireless transfer stations and sending a transfer approval message whenthe product authenticates the wireless transfer station ID message ofthe one of the one or more wireless transfer stations. In anotherembodiment, the method can further comprise: receiving a transferrequest from a plurality wireless transfer stations of the one or morewireless transfer stations; determining a validity of each of thewireless transfer station ID messages from the plurality wirelesstransfer stations; and prioritizing each of the plurality of wirelesstransfer stations within an invalid wireless transfer station IDs beloweach of the plurality of wireless transfer stations with valid forwireless transfer station IDs for receiving a wireless transfer ofenergy or data.

In one embodiment, the method can further comprise determining when awireless transfer station ID message for a selected wireless transferstation of the one or more wireless transfer stations is invalid basedon the authentication of the wireless transfer station ID message andcreating a temporary wireless transfer station ID for the selectedwireless transfer station. In another embodiment, the method can furthercomprise determining when a wireless transfer station ID message for aselected wireless transfer station of the one or more wireless transferstations is invalid based on the authentication of the wireless transferstation ID message and sending an transfer denial message to theselected wireless transfer station.

FIG. 36 provides an example illustration of the device, such as a userequipment (UE), a mobile wireless device, a mobile communication device,a tablet, a handset, or other type of wireless device. The wirelessdevice can include one or more antennas configured to communicate with awireless transfer station. The device can be configured to communicateusing at least one wireless communication standard including 3GPP LTE,WiMAX, High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi. The devicecan communicate using separate antennas for each wireless communicationstandard or shared antennas for multiple wireless communicationstandards. The device can communicate in a wireless local area network(WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN), and/or a wireless widearea network (WWAN).

FIG. 36 also provides an illustration of a microphone and one or morespeakers that can be used for audio input and output from the device.The display screen can be a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen, orother type of display screen such as an organic light emitting diode(OLED) display. The display screen can be configured as a touch screen.The touch screen can use capacitive, resistive, or another type of touchscreen technology. An application processor and a graphics processor canbe coupled to internal memory to provide processing and displaycapabilities. A non-volatile memory port can also be used to providedata input/output options to a user. The non-volatile memory port canalso be used to expand the memory capabilities of the device. A keyboardcan be integrated with the device or wirelessly connected to thewireless device to provide additional user input. A virtual keyboard canalso be provided using the touch screen.

Various techniques, or certain aspects or portions thereof, can take theform of program code (i.e., instructions) embodied in tangible media,such as floppy diskettes, CD-ROMs, hard drives, non-transitory computerreadable storage medium, or any other machine-readable storage mediumwherein, when the program code is loaded into and executed by a machine,such as a computer, the machine becomes an apparatus for practicing thevarious techniques. In the case of program code execution onprogrammable computers, the computing device can include a processor, astorage medium readable by the processor (including volatile andnon-volatile memory and/or storage elements), at least one input device,and at least one output device. The volatile and non-volatile memoryand/or storage elements can be a RAM, EPROM, flash drive, optical drive,magnetic hard drive, or other medium for storing electronic data. Thebase station and mobile station can also include a transceiver module, acounter module, a processing module, and/or a clock module or timermodule. One or more programs that can implement or utilize the varioustechniques described herein can use an application programming interface(API), reusable controls, and the like. Such programs can be implementedin a high level procedural or object oriented programming language tocommunicate with a computer system. However, the program(s) can beimplemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In any case,the language can be a compiled or interpreted language, and combinedwith hardware implementations.

It should be understood that many of the functional units described inthis specification have been labeled as modules, in order to moreparticularly emphasize their implementation independence. For example, amodule can be implemented as a hardware circuit comprising custom VLSIcircuits or gate arrays, off-the-shelf semiconductors such as logicchips, transistors, or other discrete components. A module can also beimplemented in programmable hardware devices such as field programmablegate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logic devices or thelike.

Modules can also be implemented in software for execution by varioustypes of processors. An identified module of executable code can, forinstance, comprise one or more physical or logical blocks of computerinstructions, which can, for instance, be organized as an object,procedure, or function. Nevertheless, the executables of an identifiedmodule need not be physically located together, but can comprisedisparate instructions stored in different locations which, when joinedlogically together, comprise the module and achieve the stated purposefor the module.

Indeed, a module of executable code can be a single instruction, or manyinstructions, and can even be distributed over several different codesegments, among different programs, and across several memory devices.Similarly, operational data can be identified and illustrated hereinwithin modules, and can be embodied in any suitable form and organizedwithin any suitable type of data structure. The operational data can becollected as a single data set, or can be distributed over differentlocations including over different storage devices, and can exist, atleast partially, merely as electronic signals on a system or network.The modules can be passive or active, including agents operable toperform desired functions.

Reference throughout this specification to “an example” means that aparticular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connectionwith the example is included in at least one embodiment of the presentinvention. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in an example” in variousplaces throughout this specification are not necessarily all referringto the same embodiment.

As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements, compositionalelements, and/or materials can be presented in a common list forconvenience. However, these lists should be construed as though eachmember of the list is individually identified as a separate and uniquemember. Thus, no individual member of such list should be construed as ade facto equivalent of any other member of the same list solely based ontheir presentation in a common group without indications to thecontrary. In addition, various embodiments and example of the presentinvention can be referred to herein along with alternatives for thevarious components thereof. It is understood that such embodiments,examples, and alternatives are not to be construed as defactoequivalents of one another, but are to be considered as separate andautonomous representations of the present invention.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics canbe combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In thefollowing description, numerous specific details are provided, such asexamples of layouts, distances, network examples, etc., to provide athorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled inthe relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention can bepracticed without one or more of the specific details, or with othermethods, components, layouts, etc. In other instances, well-knownstructures, materials, or operations are not shown or described indetail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.

While the forgoing examples are illustrative of the principles of thepresent invention in one or more particular applications, it will beapparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that numerousmodifications in form, usage and details of implementation can be madewithout the exercise of inventive faculty, and without departing fromthe principles and concepts of the invention. Accordingly, it is notintended that the invention be limited, except as by the claims setforth below.

What is claimed is:
 1. A wireless transfer station operable toauthenticate a wireless transfer, the wireless transfer station havingcircuitry configured to: receive, from another wireless transferstation, a wireless transfer station identification (ID) message;authenticate the wireless transfer station ID message to determine apermission level of the other wireless transfer station; and providewireless energy or data to the other wireless transfer station based onthe permission level of the other wireless transfer station using awireless transfer coil of the wireless transfer station.
 2. The wirelesstransfer station of claim 1, further configured to: determine a selectedenergy charge rate or a selected energy charge amount of the otherwireless transfer station based on the wireless transfer station IDmessage; and provide energy to the other wireless transfer station atthe selected energy charge rate; or provide energy to the other wirelesstransfer station to the selected energy charge amount.
 3. The wirelesstransfer station of claim 2, wherein: the energy charge rate for theother wireless transfer station is based on a voltage range or a currentrange for the other wireless transfer station to receive energy; and theenergy charge amount is a maximum capacity level amount of energy theother wireless transfer station is configured to receive.
 4. Thewireless transfer station of claim 1, further configured to: determinewhen one or more wireless transfer coils are available to provide energyor data to the other wireless transfer station; and provide energy ordata to one or more wireless transfer stations using at least one of theone or more available wireless transfer coils.
 5. The wireless transferstation of claim 1, further configured to: receive a transfer requestfrom the other wireless transfer station; and send a transfer approvalmessage when the wireless transfer station authenticates the wirelesstransfer station ID message of the other wireless transfer station. 6.The wireless transfer station of claim 1, further configured to: receivetransfer requests from a plurality of other wireless transfer stations;receive wireless transfer station identification (ID) messages for eachof the plurality of other wireless transfer stations; and generate apriority list of a priority level of each of the plurality of otherwireless transfer stations to receive energy or data from the wirelesstransfer station based on the wireless transfer station ID messages ofeach of the plurality of other wireless transfer stations.
 7. Thewireless transfer station of claim 6, wherein the priority list is basedon: a type of device that the other wireless transfer station isattached to that is requesting the wireless transfer; a remaining energylevel of the wireless transfer station; or a charging priority valueassigned to each other wireless transfer station requesting the wirelesstransfer.
 8. The wireless transfer station of claim 6, furtherconfigured to dynamically adjust the priority level of one or more ofthe other wireless transfer stations.
 9. The wireless transfer stationof claim 6, further configured to: determine when the wireless transferstation ID message of a selected one of the plurality of other wirelesstransfer stations is invalid; and prioritize the selected other wirelesstransfer station below a plurality of authenticated wireless transferstations for receiving a wireless transfer of energy or data.
 10. Thewireless transfer station of claim 1, further configured to: determinewhen a wireless transfer station ID message for the other wirelesstransfer station is invalid based on the authentication of the wirelesstransfer station ID message; and create a temporary wireless transferstation ID for the other wireless transfer station.
 11. The wirelesstransfer station of claim 5, further configured to: determine when awireless transfer station ID message for the other wireless transferstation is invalid based on the authentication of the wireless transferstation ID message; and send an transfer denial message to the otherwireless transfer station.
 12. The wireless transfer station of claim 1,further configured to: determine when an unauthenticated wirelesstransfer station is receiving wireless energy or data from the wirelesstransfer station; and alert a user of the wireless transfer station or athird party that the unauthenticated wireless transfer station isreceiving wireless energy or data from the wireless transfer station.13. The wireless transfer station of claim 1, further configured to:determine when an unauthenticated wireless transfer station is receivingwireless energy or data from the wireless transfer station; and adjust afrequency of one or more wireless transfer coils of the wirelesstransfer station at which the unauthenticated wireless transfer stationis receiving energy or data; or turn off one or more wireless transfercoils that the unauthenticated wireless transfer station is receivingenergy or data from.
 14. The wireless transfer station of claim 1,further configured to determine that the other wireless transfer stationis compatible to receive energy or data from the wireless transferstation using a wireless request message received from the otherwireless transfer station.
 15. A wireless transfer station operable toreceive wireless energy, the wireless transfer station configured to:communicate, to an other wireless transfer station, a wireless energytransfer request; communicate, to the other wireless transfer station, awireless transfer station identification (ID) message for authenticationto receive wireless energy from the other wireless transfer station; andreceive, from the other wireless transfer station, a wireless energytransfer approval message upon authentication of the wireless transferstation ID message by the other wireless transfer station.
 16. Thewireless transfer station of claim 15, further configured to receiveenergy, at a wireless transfer coil of the wireless transfer stationfrom a wireless transfer coil of the other wireless transfer station.17. The wireless transfer station of claim 15, further configured todetermine that the wireless transfer station is compatible to receiveenergy from the other wireless charging using the wireless energytransfer approval message.
 18. The wireless transfer station of claim15, further configured to: transfer wireless energy with the otherwireless transfer station on an energy channel; and communicate databetween the wireless transfer station and the other wireless transferstation using a communications channel.
 19. The wireless transferstation of claim 15, further configured to: communicate, to the otherwireless transfer station, authentication information on a firstfrequency channel; and transfer wireless energy with the other wirelesstransfer station on a second frequency channel.
 20. A product includinga non-transitory storage medium having stored thereon instructions thatare adapted to be executed to implement a method of wirelesslytransferring energy or data, the method comprising: receiving, from oneor more wireless transfer station, wireless transfer stationidentification (ID) messages; authenticating the wireless transferstation ID messages to determine a permission level of at least one ofthe one or more wireless transfer stations; and providing wirelessenergy or data to the one or more wireless transfer stations based onthe permission level of the one or more wireless transfer stations usingone or more wireless transfer coils of the product.
 21. The product ofclaim 20, the method further comprising: receiving a transfer requestfrom a selected wireless transfer station of the one or more wirelesstransfer stations; and sending a transfer approval message when theproduct authenticates the wireless transfer station ID message of theone of the one or more wireless transfer stations.
 22. The product ofclaim 20, the method further comprising: receiving a transfer requestfrom a plurality wireless transfer stations of the one or more wirelesstransfer stations; determining a validity of each of the wirelesstransfer station ID messages from the plurality wireless transferstations; and prioritizing each of the plurality of wireless transferstations within an invalid wireless transfer station IDs below each ofthe plurality of wireless transfer stations with valid for wirelesstransfer station IDs for receiving a wireless transfer of energy ordata.
 23. The product of claim 20, the method further comprising:determining when a wireless transfer station ID message for a selectedwireless transfer station of the one or more wireless transfer stationsis invalid based on the authentication of the wireless transfer stationID message; and creating a temporary wireless transfer station ID forthe selected wireless transfer station.
 24. The product of claim 20, themethod further comprising: determining when a wireless transfer stationID message for a selected wireless transfer station of the one or morewireless transfer stations is invalid based on the authentication of thewireless transfer station ID message; and sending an transfer denialmessage to the selected wireless transfer station.